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ÊËÞ×È Óðîê 1 He often plays the fool. Does he often play the fool in the evenings? How often does he lose temper? He never loses temper. He usually gets out of bed on the wrong side and often loses temper on Mondays. Why do you always see daylight? He never works hard and usually plays the fool at work. My husband hardly ever loses temper. I get out of bed on the wrong side very often. When do you usually lose temper? Do you usually sleep for a long time? \ Do you usually sleep long? I wake up at 7 o'clock every day. What time do you usually get up? They never wash themselves. He takes a shower every day. I always have a bath in the evening. Sometimes we make breakfast on Sundays. When do they have breakfast? She seldom has dinner and never has supper. Sometimes I have dinner at work, but not very often. She always washes the dishes after breakfast. Why do you never wash the dishes after dinner? She cleans her room every Saturday. \ Every Saturday she cleans her room. Do you always play the fool at work? They never wash the dishes in the evenings, because they have supper at the restaurant fairly \ quite often. Óðîê 2 He is never cold in the mornings, because he always goes to work on foot. We are usually very busy on weekdays as we go to work. Why is he always so sad on Sundays? — He isn't sad, he is just bored. Do you often vacuum? — No, I don't. I do it very seldom; I work every day, I am too busy at work and I am too tired, hungry and wicked in the evenings. Are you pleased with me? — No, I am not pleased with you: you are too silly and self-assured. Why do you wash and iron so seldom? — Because it's bored. He is always happy when he plays the fool. She is very excited, because she doesn't see daylight. He is too self-assured and rather silly, that's why he often loses temper. She is very busy in the morning: she always takes a shower, makes the bed, makes breakfast, has breakfast, washes the dishes, cleans the room, does her hair, beautifies herself, gets dressed, gets changed and then she goes to work. She usually goes to work by bus, but sometimes she takes a taxi. Óðîê 3 She is a hard nut to crack. Is he a big shot? — No, he isn't. He is a student. Are you an interpreter? — Yes, I am. And what about you? He is a lawyer; he is always very busy both on weekdays and on his free days; generally speaking, he is a big shot and a man of his word as well. Unfortunately, he is an absolute nothing. / He is an absolute nothing, I'm afraid. Are you free in the evenings? — Yes, I'm. You know I am a student. She is the life and soul of the party: she never loses temper, always sees daylight and plays the fool quite often; although she is a teacher/ she is a teacher though. How often do you make dinner? — Never! My sister usually does it. You know I am a big shot and she is an absolute nothing! It's just a joke, of course. We are pensioners. We go to the cinema rather seldom, but we often watch TV in the evening. What are you? — Frankly speaking, I am not a big shot, I am an ordinary nurse, but take my word for it — I am an expert at my job. Óðîê 4 He is always busy: he is an outstanding teacher and an excellent hard-worker. Is he a sociable person? — Yes, he is very sociable. But unfortunately he is a failure, although he always works hard / he always works hard though. You are a terrible bore, because you never play the fool. He is a terrible newsmonger, an awful panic-monger and a horrible lickspittle. On the whole he is a nasty personality, that's why I hardly ever mix with him at work. Are they stay-at-homes? — Yes, they are terrible ones: they never go out anywhere. Frankly speaking, I am not a man of courage at all. What about you? She is reserved and sad. And on the whole she is a pessimist. He is an outstanding personality! Such a clear head! Such a dreamer! Pensioners are seldom dreamers. He never works hard at work; he is an ordinary idler and a bore as well. On the whole he is an absolute nothing. Óðîê 5 Do your children often smile? My grandpa is a terrible panic-monger: he never smiles and talks over his problems rather seldom. His dad is so great! He always smiles and he is never angry with me. Is your husband a scientist? — Yes, he is, that's why he is at home so seldom: you know he works both on Saturdays and on Sundays. Frankly speaking, your son isn't a blockhead, he is just a real idler, although, to tell the truth he is bad at math. He is late so often, so he almost always goes to work by taxi. - True! It is in his way! Are you good at languages? — I think so. You see, I speak both English and Russian quite fluently. I am a journalist and generally speaking I am a sociable person. Her cousin is a stay-at-home. She seldom goes even to see her relatives. Your children always giggle at me, so it's naturally, that I lose temper, especially in the evenings when I am tired after a hard working day. My husband and I always quarrel and then make it up…That's our life! Óðîê 6 Frankly speaking, she is a fascinating woman and a hard-worker as well. By the way, she can cook and, to my mind, she cooks every day. My dad is an outstanding personality: he is a great optimist and always hopes for the Best. Can you drive a car? — No, I can't, but my husband can. Your brother is a real charmer! I've got a feeling, that he never fights and can't use strong/bad language at all! His mother is a terrible niggard! I can't stand it! Their son is an unlucky fellow. He always tries to do his Best, but he never succeeds in life, because he can't persist in his opinion. Your daughter can neither wash nor cook! She is a worthless housekeeper! And I can't stand it! Can this nasty bore laugh? — Just imagine, but she can! Your aunt never tidies. May be she can't do it. My husband is a sociable person. He can make friends. Óðîê 7 Do you often have headaches? Why do you always eat running out of doors and never have dinner at home? He always has a lot of good pupils: he has a nose for talented kids. He is such a dear! But he always has his head in the clouds, so / that's why he has problems with his relatives. Do you know a thing or two of modern art? — Honestly speaking, I know very little. Does she have a good ear for music? — In my opinion/to my mind/ it seems to me she has a very good ear for music, but unfortunately she isn't interested in music at all. He usually has a walk with his dog in the evenings. It seems to me, that our president has his heart in the right place, but the situation in our country often gets worse after his decrees. Has he got a car? — No, he hasn't got a car, but he has a wonderful bike. Just imagine! He has a cheek to use bad language at my lessons! Óðîê 8 A I don't usually drink coffee, but I'm drinking it at the moment. I don't usually eat ice cream, but I'm eating it now. I don't usually read cheap novels, but I'm reading at the moment. I don't usually quarrel with my parents, but I'm quarrelling now. I don't usually have dinner at home, but I'm having dinner at home at the moment. I don't usually read in the evenings, but I'm reading now. He doesn't usually watch horror-films, but he is sitting and watching it with great pleasure at the moment. He never cribs at the lessons, for some reason but he is cribbing at the moment. We always enjoy Parfenov's programmes, but we are working at the moment and, unfortunately, aren't watching his regular masterpiece. For some reason he is smoking at the moment, but frankly speaking, he doesn't smoke at all. I'm reading a terrible novel now although I don't usually read cheap novels. We are eating ice-cream at the moment, we don't usually eat ice-cream in such cold weather though. Why are you looking at her with such hatred? You always treat your subordinates kindly enough, don't you? She is working at the moment, but to tell the truth it doesn't happen very often. Are you working now? — No, we aren't. We seldom work after dinner. B Are you busy now? Are you having dinner now? Have you got money? / Have you got any money? Can you see anything at the moment? / Do you see anything at the moment? Do you want something? Are you working at the moment? Do you doubt at the moment? What are you doing now? What are you smelling? / What are you smelling now? What are you reading at the moment? What do you hear now? I am not working; I'm having dinner at the moment. I don't understand you. What do you mean? It smells bad, I can't be here. I usually go to work by car, but it's warm now, there is a wonderful smell of spring in the air, so I am walking, talking rubbish with you/ chatting about small matters with you. Do you want to taste this juice? Look! Your brother is tasting and it seems to me/to my mind/in my opinion he is enjoying it! I'm phoning you from the hotel. I have a wonderful room and I'm having a very good time: I'm admiring sunset, smelling the flowers and waiting for you! Are you having dinner now? Why are you being so silly? 20. Your offer sounds delicious. Óðîê 9 1. Girl! Come here! Help me! I'm feeling bad. 2. I am not watching TV. Turn it off, please. 3. Don't come up to the door! Somebody is standing there! I hear some sounds! 4. What are you doing? Why are you making so much noise? Turn off your tape-recorder immediately/at once! Don't drink tap water! It is tasteless. What is he doing there? Call him at once! Children! Stop screaming! My head is splitting! 8. Stop call names! You are misbehaving! That's the limit! 9. Don't listen to her! She is always talking rubbish! Stop moaning! You don't usually do like this, do you? What's going on? Translate all the sentences into English quickly and don't do silly mistakes while translating. Look at me! Say «cheese»! Turn! Tidy your hair! Don't bend! Draw yourself up! Do you hear me? That's right! Good for you! You are looking fine now! But to tell the truth you usually look like a shabby chicken. Stop quarrelling! Stop making a row in the presence of the strangers! Calm down! There is nothing to worry about! Pull yourself together! You always can see daylight, can't you? I don't know what's going on! Don't phone me! I don't want to see you! Don't bother me! I'm working! Leave her alone! Stop sticking to her!! Don't bother her! She is working on her dissertation, you see! Stop making these terrible sounds! I'm trying to concentrate but you are always distracting me! You are always making me angry! I can't live like this any more! 20. Why are you always looking at me like this? Stop it! I don't like it! Óðîê 10 1. I often dance. I am dancing now. I have been dancing since morning. 2. Do I often dance? Am I dancing now? Have I been dancing since morning? 3. I don't watch TV. I am not watching TV at the moment. I have not been watching TV sincechildhood. 4. I usually watch cartoons on Sundays. I'm watching cartoons with my children now. I have beenwatching cartoons for two hours. What do you usually drink? What are you drinking now? What have you been drinking since morning? Where do you have dinner every day? Where are you having dinner now? Why have you been having dinner for two hours? Where do you work? Where are you working now? How long have you been working here? 8. He seldom plays alone. He is playing alone at the moment. He has been playing alone for 3 hours. 9. Why do you often look at me? Why are you looking at me so lightly? Why have you been looking atme without rest for several minutes? 10. Do you often write letters to your relatives? Are you writing a letter to your mum mow? Have youbeen writing letters since morning? 11. My talkative neighbour speaks on the phone too often. Is your husband speaking on the phone now?Why has this chatterbox been hanging on the phone at least for an hour? How long have you been waiting for me? How long has it been raining? How long have you been working here? How long has he been smoking? Óðîê 11 I eat every day. I am eating now. I have been eating since morning. I ate yesterday. Do you eat every day? Are you eating now? Have you been eating since 12 o'clock? Did you eat yesterday? She often drinks coffee. Is she drinking coffee now? She has been drinking coffee for a few years. She drank coffee 2 hours ago. My mum cooks well. My mum is making dinner at the moment. My mum has been making dinner since she came from work. My mum didn't make dinner yesterday. They don't usually have dinner together. They aren't having dinner now. They haven't been having dinner together for the whole year. They didn't have dinner yesterday. What do you usually do in the evenings? What are you doing now? What have you been doing for a good hour? What did you do yesterday? He never reads. Is he reading now? He has been reading since morning. Did he read anything yesterday? Why are you always looking at me like this? Why aren't you looking at me now? How long have you been looking at me? Don't look at me! He looked at me so coldly yesterday. Stop looking at me! I can't look at people so lordly as she can. Where did you see this film? Don't bother me; I'm watching my favourite soap opera! Fancy that, she has been watching this soap opera for 5 years! We don't usually watch TV on weekdays. Stop watching this rubbish! Did you watch soap operas in childhood? Do you ever sleep? She has been sleeping just for a few minutes, please, don't wake her up! Are you sleeping? I didn't sleep last night, it was terrible. Don't sleep! We are in a great hurry! Óðîê 12 She would bring flowers from the country. Yesterday she brought flowers from the country. We would call names at the lessons. Why do children call names so often? My children never call names. I never shout at my children. Do you shout at your children? Stop shouting at the children! Why did you shout at your children yesterday? You are always shouting at your children! She would shout at her children. Don't shout at the children! Why are you always snapping? Ill-mannered children always snap at the lessons. Hooligans would snap at the lessons. She would sing something in a thin voice. Did you sing in childhood? Do you often sing? Stop singing! Just imagine! She has been singing since morning! I am not singing, I'm just sitting and looking through the window. She would treat us in the evenings. Did they treat you yesterday? You never treat us. Why are you always showing off? He would show off at the lessons in childhood. In my opinion, he has been showing off since childhood. Can you bring up children? Nobody can bring up children, as it should be. Stop bringing me up at last / after all! She would sob of offence. Do you often cry? You know, sometimes I cry on nothing. She has been crying for 2 hours. I can't believe, that she has been crying since morning. What are you looking for? How long have you been looking for him? Did you look for him yesterday? We would look for him for hours. I never look for my glasses. Óðîê 13 Are there many English books in your library? There used to be a lot of English books in my library. Is there a cinema in your street? — Yes, there is. But it used to be a theatre. There is a little cloud in the sky. There used to be a sofa in the kitchen. There are 2 beds in the room. There used to be a large number of people outdoors in the evenings. He used to be a teacher and now he is a manager at the supermarket. We used to go fishing when I was a child. Did you use to go hiking when you lived in England? Óðîê 14 I show off every day. I'm showing off now. I have been showing off since morning. I showed off yesterday. I used to show off. I would show off in childhood. I could show off when mum was out. Yesterday I managed to show off at the lesson. You usually lose your handkerchiefs. You are losing temper. You have been loosing your handkerchiefs since childhood. You lost your handkerchief yesterday. You used to lose your handkerchiefs. You would lose your handkerchiefs at school. You could lose everything when you lived with your granny and she never punished you. You were able to lose my favourite handkerchief! On the whole, she gets on with people. She is getting on with her husband at the moment. She has been getting on with adults since her birth. She got on with her mother-in-low last summer. She used to get on with her mother-in-low. She would get on with everyone in our school. She could get on with everybody when she was in a good mood. Yesterday she managed to get on with a gang of hooligans. Óðîê 15 I always sail against the wind. I'm sailing against the wind at the moment. I have been sailing against the wind since birth. I sailed against the wind in youth. I would sail against the wind in youth. I used to sail against the wind, but things are different now. I was sailing against the wind while all people of my age were moving in a rut. I was sailing against the wind when suddenly I felt terribly tired. You seldom write letters to your relatives. You are writing a letter — I can see. You have been writing a letter for 2 hours. You were writing a letter when I came to see you. You used to write letters very often, but now you are very busy at work. You wrote a letter to me yesterday. You were writing letters from 2 till 5 yesterday. You always wrote to me about your problems. He usually plays the fool at the lessons. He is playing the fool at work now. He has been playing the fool from birth. He often played the fool in youth. He would play the fool in the country. He used to play the fool when he was a guest. He was playing the fool when we first saw him. Óðîê 17 Yesterday I ate an apple. I have eaten an apple today. When I was eating an apple yesterday, I felt dizzy. You read his letter last week. You have just read his letter. Have you read his letter yet? Have you already read his letter? He has never looked at me. He never looked at me in childhood. He wasn't looking at me while I was blowing him kisses. She wasn't there yesterday. She hasn't been there these days. She hasn't been there since childhood. She wasn't there when I got in/ came in. She hasn't been there for ages. Have you ever quarrelled with your parents? Did you ever quarrel with your parents in childhood? I learn good poems by heart with great pleasure. I've just learnt by heart a marvellous poem. Stop learning by heart all sorts of rubbish! When I was learning this poem by heart, the door opened and my mum entered the room. We've been in low water since New Year's Day. We would be in low water in youth, but never suffered from it. Fancy that! The boy has been out of hand! Don't listen to reason. It's boring! She has had a screw loose! She has quarrelled with all her acquaintances/friends! Óðîê 18 1. I know all. I have known him for ages. I know, that you are looking at me now. I knew him in childhood. I had known him before he came in our class. We are close friends. We have been friends since childhood. We had been friends before we began to work in the same school. We were friends last year. We used to be friends. To my mind, she is married. She has been married for 2 years. She was married, but she is divorced at the moment. I have put on a lot of weight and I am on a diet now. I had put on weight before I got married. I put on weight last year. I put on weight, and then I went on a diet and grew thin. She is in love with him. She has been in love with him since childhood. She had been in love with him before they became acquainted personally. My grandpa has never travelled by air. My grandpa was very nervous during the flight, because he had never travelled by air before. I met her a few days ago. She had just come back from Prague. She is at home. Go to see her, she has just come back from Prague. She isn't hungry, because she has just had breakfast. In general, she hardly ever has breakfast. She used to have breakfast when she was at school, but now she doesn't have time for breakfast. When we arrived at the cinema, the film had already begun. The film began after we had arrived at the cinema. We arrived at the cinema, took our seats, and the film began. I had been at home by 5 o'clock. I was at home when the phone rang. I was at home while my friends were getting ready for the exams. I didn't use to be at home very often, but I have turned into a real stay-at home: I am always at home in the evenings. Óðîê 19 A. Hardly had I seen her when I fell in love. Scarcely had I seen her when I was overhead and ears in love. No sooner had I seen her then I was overhead and ears in love. Hardly had you touched the pillow when you fell asleep immediately. Scarcely had you touched the pillow when you dropped off to sleep No sooner had you touched the pillow then you began to snore. Hardly had he recovered from cold when he caught another infection. No sooner had he recovered from cold then he began to ache again. No sooner had they got married then they began to abuse by nothing. Scarcely had they left Moscow when they felt themselves quieter. B. Hardly had I seen her when I lost the gift of speech. She was so beautiful! Perhaps, she was the most beautiful girl that I had ever seen.It was rumoured that she had lived in Paris before she moved to our town. When I saw her for the first time, she was looking out of the window and singing a funny song. I was in a great hurry, so I didn't manage to take an all-round view. But in spite of this, scarcely had I seen her when I was overhead and ears in love. It can't be helped. The next day I proposed to her. Strangely enough, but she agreed immediately. We have been married for 20 years and haven't quarrelled so far. You can envy, can't you? Óðîê 20 A I am so exhausted because I have been going shopping. You are such a slowcoach because you have been watching TV. Why is she so wet? — Because she has been running in the rain. What has he been doing? Why is he so irritated? They are so pleased because they have been playing football. B 1. I often invite my friends to our school parties. I've just invited her to our school party. Look what happened! When I was inviting her to our school party, her nasty friend came in and spoiled everything. 2. You look so stupid with this hair cut. You looked so stupid yesterday. You have been lookingstupidly since birth. We are in the same boat: we both shout at each other while quarrelling. Why are you so irritated? — Because I have been shouting at my brainless subordinates. Why are you so upset? — Because I haven't controlled myself/I have lost temper and have shouted at my wife in spite of the fact that she is in the family way. Did you phone your dad yesterday? Have you phoned your dad? When did you phone your dad? Were you phoning him from 3 till 4? Had you phoned him before you learnt /got to know the news? I am so pleased because I have phoned my dad. I am so upset because I have been speaking to my dad. Just imagine/fancy that! Our neighbour has had a screw loose! He has gone down in history! He has thrown a bad egg at the minister! Óðîê 21 I had been explaining this rule to you for half a lesson before I gave you a test. I have already explained this rule to you. I had explained the rule before I gave a test. While I was explaining the rule, you were talking to each other. You apologize to me every day. You apologized to me yesterday. You have apologized to me today. While you were apologizing to me, I felt pity. You used to apologize to me. You had been apologizing to me for a log time but I didn't forgive/ excuse you for all that. He always took care of his kin. He has taken care of everybody. He had taken care of his sister before she got married to the right person. He was taking care of me while you were playing the fool through inexperience. Óðîê 22 1. I don't approve of his behaviour. I didn't approve of his yesterday's behaviour. I hadn't approved of his behaviour before he explained the motive. I used to approve of his behaviour but I don't like it any more. I'll never approve of your option/choice. All of us depend on our government. We always depended on them. We depended on them last year. We'll depend on them next year. We used to depend on communists but things are different now. She has never dreamt of being a filmstar. She dreamt of being a filmstar in childhood. She used to dream of being a filmstar. She often dreams of being rich and healthy. She would dream of being a top-model. After a while she will begin to dream of being a top-model. Óðîê 23 I like to go sightseeing in old towns. Yesterday when I was going sightseeing, I met my old friends. I usually go sightseeing on Saturdays. Well, tomorrow we are going sightseeing and the day after tomorrow we are becoming brown on the beach. We'll see the sights of age-old Russian town Novgorod during our summer hike/walking tour. He is so thick-skinned! Once in a blue moon we see the sights of such a marvelous town but he doesn't care! As a last resort, I'll go sightseeing tomorrow after dinner. Children would feel exhausted after we had gone sightseeing during our summer walking tours. I usually get up early. He has just got up. He got up 2 minutes ago. I had got up before I heard a noise. When are you getting up tomorrow? Will you get up in the end? Watch out, to my mind, she is getting up. I've never got up early. I never get up early. I'll never get up early. When I was getting up, I felt dizzy. Why do you always run away from me? Why are you running away from me? Why did you run away from me yesterday? Why were you running away from me while I was running after you at a top speed? Why did you use to run away from me? Why didn't you run away from me in childhood? Why have you never run away from me? Why do you never run away from me? Óðîê 24 1. My husband never goes into details when he tells about his scientific work. I am not about to go into details of our private life, at any rate, for the time present. He has already taken a decision. He is going to take a decision. He'll take a decision tomorrow. He had taken a decision before he met the lawyer. He managed/was able to take the decision worthy of Solomon. She dressed her daughter in red for carnival. My mummy always dresses me tastefully. She is going to dress her like a doll. My parents used to dress me. I'll dress her in a couple of minutes. I'll put it on in a couple of minutes. Óðîê 25 I'll write a letter if I have time. You'll phone me when you come back home from work. She will give me her address when she finds the right flat. We'll come to see you when we are in London. I won't give you a treat you if you are late. We'll get wet if we go out. She won't talk to you until you apologize to her. I'll go straight home after I have done all the purchases/buying. I'll have a rest while my parents are out. We'll write down the title of the book in case we forget it. I'll draw the plan of the town in case it is lost. He won't be able to understand you if you don't speak distinctly and slowly. I'm going to find another job if the company doesn't offer me a bigger salary. I won't go to the party if you go there. He will do his homework as soon as he comes back home. You can borrow the money providing that you give it back as soon as it is possible. She will read every day providing that you give her the right books. You won't get in unless you are a member of the club. I'll buy you a present if you are a clear head. We'll go to sea when the weather is warmer. Óðîê 26 For a change I from time to time think before I take a decision to do something. Don't think about this crying shame. I'll have thought twice before I get this crazy idea out of my mind. I used to think about it as a child. Don't bother me, I'm thinking. I think, you should get this crazy idea out of your mind. With all my heart I advise you to think about it. Think about it at your convenience. I've been thinking about this since morning and I've thought out nothing so far. I've never thought about it. I never think about it. I'll never think about it when I grow up. I've just thought about you. I was thinking about you when you phoned me. I used to think about you very often. Have you ever thought about such great success? We would think together about the future of the mankind. I'll think about it when it stops raining. I had been thinking about it for many years before I began to realize my idea. I'm thinking about you all days long. Nobody has ever thought about it. Did you think about it yesterday? Have you thought about it? When will you think about it? Are you going to think about your career? Any man of worth from time to time thinks about his future. Will you have thought over my proposal before I phone you? He is a man of his word, I know it from experience, and he always thinks before he makes promises providing that he knows all the details of the matter. Have you thought twice yet? Have you already thought over my proposal? Óðîê 27 Year in, year out unlucky people apply for a job to their more successful friends. You'll be sick to death if you apply for a job to the employment bureau. In short, you'll apply for a job when pigs fly. When I applied for a job to him last year, he was overhead and ears in his business. What is eating him? When this time yesterday I was applying for a job to him, he looked so furious but absolutely exhausted. Have you applied for a job to anybody yet? I know it at first hand that if you don't apply to him for a job he will never offer it to you himself. When my ship comes home, I won't apply for a job to my friends at least twice a year. Please, hold me by the hand while I'm applying for a job to my ex-husband tomorrow. If he doesn't apply for a job, he'll follow his nose ever before sunset. I've never applied for a job to my kin. I used to apply for a job to him but I've missed the bus: he has lost everything himself. Until you apply for a job, I won't lend you money. He applied for a job to me but I pretended to be ill. After he had applied for a job to my dad, we dropped an acquaintance. Óðîê 28 In short, when I meet you for the second time, I'll have been cycling for 2 hours. He has been cycling since childhood. My daughter was very tired when she met you, because she had been cycling for 2 hours. Don't hope against hope! He'll never be able to cycle! One of these days I'll cycle to the country. By trial and error we came to the conclusion that he had never cycled before. I've already made up my mind: I'm cycling to school tomorrow it doesn't come easy to me though. I'll have been cycling until my ship comes home. He used to cycle to work but, to my mind, now he will cycle only when pigs fly. She was going out of her way while she was cycling/while cycling, because by all means she wanted to demonstrate to everyone that she wasn't born yesterday. Óðîê 29 Òåõíèêà ðå÷è 1. He said he had been ill the day before. He said it was hot there. He said he didn't know what to say. He said he was working very hard then. He said he had been waiting for me since morning. He said the dog had stolen meat. He said he had done it the previous week. He said he would do it better. I invited him to go fishing at 6 o'clock in the morning but he said he would be sleeping that time. He said he thought it would have stopped raining by the next morning. She said that she would have been doing this work for 2 hours before I came. He said you were running across the road when he saw you. He said Einstein was born in 1779, but he made a mistake: Einstein was born in 1879. Fancy that! He said he had forgotten everything he knew. He told me he had forgotten everything he knew. He asked me if I knew the way to the railway-station. He asked me where I lived. He said her parents were well. She said she was going to learn to drive. She said her brother had given up a job. She said she couldn't come to the party on Friday. She said she wanted to go for a holiday but she didn't know where to go. She said she was going away for a few days and she would phone me when she came back. He informed that they were going to get married the next month. She said she had seen/she saw her ex-husband at the party and he was looking gloomy. I thought you said that restaurant was cheap. I thought you said that she wouldn't come to see us. I thought she said that she didn't like her job. I thought you said that you didn't know English at all. I thought you said that you had never eaten snails. She asked me how old I was. She wondered if I knew any foreign language. She tried to find out how I was feeling. She asked me where I had been. She wondered when I had come back. She asked me what I was doing. She asked me where I lived. She wondered why I had come back. She asked me if I was glad to being back home. She asked me if I could lend her some money. She wondered if I had any plans for the future. He asked me if there was a bank near there. She informed she had no idea who had committed that insolent robbery. You knew that she hadn't got my letter. You wondered when he had come back. You found out what that word meant. He had no idea if it was a long way from there to the airport. He didn't wonder if I was married. He asked me why we met so seldom. He asked me when I would get free after work. Òåõíèêà ðå÷è 2. I'm hungry. She says she is hungry. She said she was hungry. She has just said she is hungry. She said she had been hungry before she went to work. She said she had been hungry since morning. She asked me if I was hungry. She asked me why I was hungry. She wondered if I had been hungry before I sat down to the table. He is deep in the hole and he has no money to pay for his flat. He says he is deep in the hole and he has no money to pay for his flat. He confessed he was deep in the hole and had no money to pay for his flat. Today he has declared for everyone to hear that he is deep in the hole and has no money to pay for the flat. They wondered if he had any debts. They tried to find out if he had money to pay for the flat. They want to know why I have no money to pay for the flat. Do you want to know if I can pay for the flat? Did you want to find out if I could pay for the flat? Do you want to know when I will pay for the flat? He wondered if I was going to get clear of debts in the foreseeable future. How long are you going to stay in our town? He wonders how long we are going to stay here. He tried to find out how long we were going to stay there. He wondered if we would have been there before it started raining. Do you want to know if we will have been here till Christmas? Why didn't you try to find out how long they were going to stay there? Do you guess why he didn't ask them how long they were going to stay there? He has just told he won't be able to find out how long they are going to stay here. I've just found out how long they are going to stay here. We can't afford to spend money like water. They say they can't afford to spend money like water. They confessed they couldn't afford to spend money like water. They complained that under the circumstances or, rather, in their parents' presence they couldn't afford to spend money like water. Are you pleased with the fact that you can spend money like water? She wondered if we were pleased with the fact that we could afford to spend money like water at last. I am not sure we can afford to spend money like water. Are you sure that you can afford to throw your money around? She failed in exams to university. She said she had failed in exams to university. She confessed that had failed in exams to university ever the previous year/the year before. She is crying because she has failed in the exam. He wondered why she had failed in exams. Didn't you wonder why she had failed in exams? Did she tell you that she had failed in exams? I don't know when she will confess to her parents that she has failed in exams. Óðîê 30 I give English lessons every day. - I'm given English lessons every day. I pay taxes honestly. - I'm never paid a salary in cash. He usually tells fabulous stories. - He is usually told fabulous stories. He seldom offers his help under the delicate circumstances. - He is often offered help. I hardly ever give advice. - I'm often given advice how to act in some unforeseen situation. I always invite a lot of people to my birthday party. - I am usually invited to blow round with great pleasure. He never envies anybody but he is envied by everybody. Unfortunately, we excuse our enemies too seldom. - We are always glad when we are excused. I refuse to get this job. - I'm usually refused to get extra profit. I allow you to stay up late. - I'm usually allowed to stay up late very seldom. Óðîê 31 Put it into your pipe and smoke it: you won't set the Thames on fire that's why you are asked at school so often. My heart usually sinks into my boots when I'm asked some tricky question, especially when I am not ready for the exam properly. A young hopeful! It's the first time I've asked you such a tricky question on history and you have got out of a difficulty with great ease! You are always making a mountain out of a molehill! Good ice cream is made of high-quality food. It isn't usually done like this! These miniature toys are made of ivory. Is your ice cream made of liquid milk? He has just made such an ugly thing! We have been doing lessons since the very morning. If you make a mountain out of a molehill, we'll live a cat and dog life. Just imagine: he told me if I made a mountain out of a molehill, we would live a cat and dog life! That's the heart of the matter! You are always openhearted that's why you are tricked so often. I've never tricked anybody! I've been sitting on a powder keg since I understood that everyone was tricked there. Don't let the grass grow under your feet and if you are tricked once again, leave our town immediately and go in search of a job somewhere to a proper place. If I'm tricked, then I'll trick anybody with the greatest pleasure. Óðîê 32 I refuse point-blank to explain new material to you if you don't bring yourselves to your senses. She has been explaining her favourite theorem to us for an hour and, to my mind, she is on the top of the world. He is at odds with math and even if everything is explained to him in detail, he can't solve even a primary sum. Have you explained the main thing to her yet? Have you already explained the main thing to her? Have you already managed to explain the main thing to her? By the way, is everything always explained to you in detail? It's the first time; I've read an English book in the original. I have the title of the book I read last week with great pleasure on the tip of my tongue. In my opinion, she is from a different world: just imagine, she perceives nothing when it is read to her aloud; and one day when I asked her why it happened like that, she answered very roughly: " It's out of your business!" — " It serves you right! Never interfere in other people's business if you aren't asked." How often English texts are read to you at the lessons? To my mind, she won't read this book completely if you don't make her do it. Have you ever read English writers in the original? Nothing is never read to us at English lessons and it is real careless work if call a spade a spade. Óðîê 33 A I usually wait for the necessary bus for hours. - The necessary bus is usually waited for hours. We often send him for beer. - He is usually sent for when somebody needs first aid/is in need of first aid. I speak about it quite often. - It is often spoken about. We always listen to classical music with great pleasure. - Classical music isn't always listened to with great pleasure. Sometimes I look at today's young people with great surprise. - Rebellious young people are usually looked at with misunderstanding and dislike. Teenagers usually look for something unrealizable. - She is often looked for before the beginning of the classes. You are laughing at her for nothing. - Unfortunately, she is often laughed at. I look after aged people; it's my extra earnings. - Evidently, this child is looked after very well. She referred me to you. - Ancient authors are often referred to in the lectures on history. Our principal usually finds fault with his favourites. - For some reason, I'm always found fault with at physic lessons. My daughter usually looks forward to the coming of heat. - The 14th of February and the 25th of December are usually looked forward to in all the Catholic countries. I am glad that I can always rely on you in everything. - Sometimes kids are relied on more often than their disorganized parents. The young seldom pay attention to weather. - The slightest change in weather is paid attention to in London. We never live in the country-cottage in winter. - In winter the country-cottage is never lived in. We drink out of old cups. - Old cups are drunk out of in our family. B. How long have you been looking for your keys? Why are you usually looked for in the attic? Will you have been looking for him before it starts raining? Had you looked for the keys in your own room before you phoned me? He is never found fault with because he has showed himself as an excellent hard-worker. He said he would never find fault with me providing I learnt some poems by heart. He said I was spoken about at every corner. I had been speaking about you for an hour before you entered the room. Have you heard from him recently? Have you heard about him? I've never heard of him. Can you hear me? I've been waiting for you for 15 minutes. Unfortunately, I am not waited for there. He said he wasn't waited for there. I'll be waiting for you at the cinema at 5 o'clock sharp. Óðîê 34 How often do you do your flat? He is just playing for time and isn't going to tide up his room. It goes without saying that you are madly glad that your room is always done/is always tided up by your friends' arrival / coming. The hall is being tided up now so you will be able to get in at any moment. He promised he would do his room sooner or later. I can't understand why it is never tided up here; this mess just drives me wild and I confess I'm fed up with all this complete chaos. Follow me! Oh, I'm scared, to my mind; I'm being followed closely. Don't worry! It just seems to you: there are always so many people on a bus in the rush hour that any person can suppose that he is followed. We are having a heart-to-heart talk, so please, don't bother us. We are always being bothered here, it's just unbearable! I feel that I always bother you. It looks as if you were born with a silver spoon in your mouth if you aren't prevented to work on/at your book under present power. Óðîê 35 He has been duped since morning, but he is a knowing old bird — nobody has managed to cheat him. I've never cheated you, Honest to God! Why are you always cheated? He used to cheat me when I was child. I would cheat my trustful good-natured parents in childhood. You are always being cheated and you are out of the swim! If I am not cheated again, I'll come to my senses and enter the University come rain or shine. He said he had been cheated since birth. Look here! You are being cheated at the moment! I always feel ill at ease when I'm treated so hard. Help yourself, please, and be at your ease. She invited us to see her place, treated with some delicious food and then suggested spending the night at her place as it started raining cats and dogs. Shame on you, you've, probably, had a screw loose: you have been amused, treated and pampered since morning, but you behave yourself as if you don't wear the trousers. She is being treated with black coffee at the moment. She is often shown on TV because everybody thinks her the pink of perfection. Have you shown your usual trick yet? These tricks have been shown on TV since 7 o'clock in the evening. I will have been showing tricks till I am not asked to stop. How many years had you been showing tricks in the streets before you decided to try working at the circus? This film is shown on TV every Sunday. This film is being shown on TV at the moment. Is this film being shown on TV at the moment? Why do you show tricks so seldom? He promised he would show a trick as soon as he got free. Óðîê 36 There is no need to tip to staff: service is included in a bill. I remember that when we had dinner in this restaurant in summer, a tip was included in a bill. This diet includes all the necessary ingredients but not for love or money I keep to this diet because making salads will take me too much time and, as I'm always busy, I can't permit it. Are you included in the list of invitees to the 20th anniversary of their wedding? We were allowed to get into the holy of holies of this unique medieval castle, I mean, the library. Circumstances don't allow me to live in a big way. Are you really allowed to stay up late? I didn't know you were allowed to stay up late. She was brought up in the spirit of obedience to their parents. If you aren't brought severely, you'll never grow wise. We try to bring up our children as well as possible. He is a strange child, neither fish nor good red herring; there is nothing special about him. I can't imagine a human being who will be able to bring him up as a worthy and honest person. He always knows which side his bread is buttered, I wonder, who brought him up? Our parents were brought up in a very difficult historical period, in stagnation years, they were promised a land of milk and honey when the communism was in. No doubt, all that left an imprint on them, in a word; we can't always understand each other. He was looked after well in childhood, I hope; he pays back to his parents in the same coin. These kids are being looked after bad at the moment, and I can't put up with it. Will you be able to look after my child while I am doing shopping? She promised she would look after my little-one while I was at the hairdresser's. I have been looking after my neighbour's kids since their parents were offered a part-time job. I've been reading this book since Monday. This book has been read since Monday. This book is usually read before night. This book is being read at the moment, I can't give it to you. What are you reading now? Is anything interesting being read to you at the courses? An extract from his article about the political situation in our country was read to us yesterday. If you have read this book by tomorrow, I'll be able to give it back to the library on time. He asked me what I was reading then. He wondered if I had read any of ancient writers. He wonders if I'm going to have read this book by the end of the holiday. He swore he would have read that book before the light in the camp was turned off. Óðîê 37 1. When I was being awarded, I felt suddenly that I was ready to burst out crying. All the outstanding people are awarded in our country. She will be left holding the bag if you haven't awarded her before she is fired. You are being led by the nose by the hysterical woman and forcing panic in society, nobody will excuse you for that. You were excused long ago. What did you feel when you realized, that you were being excused? He was in his element and chatted nonstop and only because of him we weren't bored stiff while the lecture on the harm of smoking was being read to us. You have been chatting on the phone for 2 hours — it's just disgusting! We had been chatting for a few minutes before we were paid attention to. You are chatting nonstop at the lessons; I'm fed up with it. I was nearly tickled to death when I understood that such nasty and self-enamoured pressmen were always left holding the bag. The devil will pay for these manuscripts but, at any price, I'll try to find out when this wonderful town was found. Haven't you already learnt so far why the Brain Drain is taking place in our country? You are behind the times if you are still out of the swim and don't know that she is in the family way/she is pregnant. The same thing is always being repeated to me! I'm always repeating to you the same thing! Have you repeated all the rules yet? Have you already repeated everything? This thing is repeated to you from day to day for nothing, isn't it? He promised he would have reviewed all from the beginning to the end before the exam. If you can't repeat everything I've just told, I'll teach you a lesson. Óðîê 38 My congratulations! Your book has been published! This information was published not long ago though; we decided to turn to new facts before we were forbidden to work in this field. It isn't worth getting fresh with your co-workers even if your book has already been published and has caused a sensation. I get cold feet when I see that heaven and earth have been moved in my house, nevertheless my book hasn't been published yet. His car was damaged badly during the accident a few weeks ago and after that he began to be religious about driving. Since childhood I've been religious about everything that deals with healthy way of life. You can't feel strongly about his plans, can you? He does nothing in fact and just goes through emotions but to tell the truth, very skillfully. To tell the truth, I don't feel strong about our government because it just goes through emotions and keeps on taking care of its interest. He never keeps his temper and always vents his bad spirit on unprotected and meek/ mild beings. We have never been allowed to vent our bad spirit on buyers. We are never allowed to vent our bad spirit on freshmen. If I get fresh with you and vent my bad spirit on you, you will feel sorry for it! I seldom pay attention to passers-by. I'm seldom paid attention to. I've just paid attention to that handsome young man who is standing by the window and going through emotions. I'm so happy: I've been paid attention to! Why am I never paid attention to? I had paid attention to her before she began to tell about her problems. You have been paid attention to since birth. You were paid attention to at the competition, which took place in Moscow last year. Óðîê 39 He always plays up to teachers. He always tried to keep up with the Joneses and played up to the rich. Judging by her step and way of behaving she tends to keep to herself nevertheless she is considered a big shot and she is always played up to. Tramps are always offended and abased. You have been offending me since I came into this room. Hardly had I opened the mouth when I got it in the neck, honestly speaking, no offence intended though. If you offend him, I'll understand that you have taken a turn for the worse. I can't keep up with fashion because I don't earn enough. This money had been earned honestly before he was accused of stealing. It looks as if you took a turn for the better: last year you earned a lot of money and spent everything on charity, didn't you? Óðîê 40 1. She was fascinated by original beauty of this ancient town. He had been fascinated by her lovely voice before he saw her. He has just confessed that he is fascinated by you. He said to his parents that he was fascinated by that young lady and was going to marry her as soon as he had worked his way up. The stories about your life made an impression on me. Do you like to make an impression on unknown people? Jump at the chance and try to make an impression on all these people. In spite of the fact she was out of shape, she made an impression on all the men in our yard, well, just, one of those things. She is good at making impression on teachers. In my opinion, she is out of her mind as the story about your out-of-pocket expenses has made an impression on her. I like to watch children. Look out, to my mind, we are being watched. Don't worry, we haven't been watched since we left that town: out of sight, out of mind. I had been watched for 5 month before I was offered the leading role in this film. She was surprised and disappointed when she understood that she was being watched. Will you be watching me the whole of my lifetime? Óðîê 41 The medicine will be prescribed for you if you see no objection to it. If you don't prescribe a medicine for me, I won't feel fit. After the medicine had been prescribed for me I felt like a new person. He promised that he would prescribe a medicine which from rumors cures most of the known diseases. If the medicine that you need is prescribed for you, I'll follow the example and go to the doctor. Tomorrow all the problems will be solved and you will feel like a million dollars. I hope, I've solved your problem by the beginning of the school year; it has nothing to do with me though. Follow your heart, please, don't feel shy and see her home, and then all your problems will be solved for sure. Have you already solved all your problems? If you have solved all your problems before departure, I'll come to see you off. I'm comparing your papers at the moment. We are being compared now. He told that we were being compared then. I hoped we wouldn't be compared. If we are compared, we refuse to cooperate. Two pretenders to work at our firm had been compared for long before on of them was offered a prestige post in the end. I can't compare you: you have nothing in common. Yesterday I was able to compare these two pictures. Óðîê 42 I feel like drinking. This cup has never been drunk out of. As soon as you drink this invigorative coffee, you will go with a run. Beer is usually drunk while fooling about. If you pick me up, we'll have time to drink Georgian wine. She promised we would have time to drink real Georgian wine if we picked her up on the way to the airport. He has been drinking little lately. White wine is usually drunk while eating fish. I'll try to outline the plan of our actions providing I'm listened to carefully and I am not interrupted, otherwise I can become mad/wild. When we were listening to you, we understood that the way of your speech fit the situation fully. Sometimes we are listened to indifferently and our last appearance just screwed me up. I smile at people very often. When a person has a run of luck, he always smiles at everybody. I'm very upset: my close friend has been out of the run, has stopped smiling, on the whole, he has lost a taste of life. Óðîê 43 Our house is not far from the supermarket and, it goes without saying, it's comfortable, especially if you run the house on your own, single-handed. To begin with, he tried to find out were my school was situated. Do you know where a new supermarket will be situated? It's very unpleasant to run across the beggary in the pedestrian subway or in the Metro carriage. Unfortunately, the beggars are always run across on the way to work in the mornings. How often do you meet the beggary in passenger traffic? This movie was restored a few years ago but the quality of the film leaves much to be desired. I can restore my English in a few weeks if you run my house in turn. He didn't manage to restore his English in such a short space of time and it's for the better, because he understood that one should not go in for music, in for sport and take course in English at the same time. He is a wonderful person: he is handy with everything and he has dry humor, so he is often looked at with surprise. I was looked at the very moment when I was going to raise a hand and ask a question. Why do you never look at me? Don't wonder if you are looked at with distrust. To my mind, it's normally to seek fortune but for some reason I'm looked down on. 5. It's the second time we've rebuilt our school. It's the second time the school has been rebuilt. This house had been rebuilt before we moved here. This church has been rebuilt so many times that I can't imagine how it looked in the beginning. Will this house have been rebuilt by the anniversary of our town? He wondered if the school building would have been rebuilt by the anniversary of our town. Óðîê 44 I'm an early riser and I usually run through the newspapers at breakfast-time. He was running through the newspapers when he was asked to answer a phone call. There is nothing like rest at sea where you can do nothing from morning till evening, laze in the sun and hardly ever run through the newspapers. Have you run through morning newspapers yet? He promised he would have run through the newspapers before he went to work. I was amazed when I run through the newspapers and found out that my feature simply hadn't been printed. He is deeply attached to his kids so he dedicates all his books just to them. Have any poems ever been dedicated to you? She confessed it was the first time that such lovely poems had been dedicated to her. She was amazed when she learnt that these famous lines were dedicated to her great grandmother. For a change, dedicate these poems to your first teacher. We are always glad to see a new person at our place, no matter what kind of hobby a person has. Are you keen on fishing? He was keen on jogging in youth. You need change of scene and if you are keen on underwater swimming, I advise you to apply to a tourist agency. I often show tricks. I'm seldom shown on TV. Have you been shown their usual trick yet? Have you shown your usual trick to this refined audience yet? He wondered if I had already shown my famous trick. Unfortunately, I had been shown on TV before I came home from work. Will you have been shown on TV before we leave for work? He didn't expect he would be shown on TV the next day. This film has been shown on TV for a few months. When were you shown on TV? This movie will be shown on TV tomorrow at 5. Our school is much spoken about. Our school hasn't been spoken about since an arguable article about it was printed in the newspaper. Our school will be spoken about till it exists. What is being spoken about your school at the moment? What was being spoken about our school when you turned on the radio? What is usually spoken about our school? Our school will be spoken about when you enter the hall. It's the first time our school has been spoken about on TV. Our school will have been spoken about before the news begins. ÏÐÈËÎÆÅÍÈÅ 1 Ïîðÿäîê ñëîâ â ïîâåñòâîâàòåëüíîì ïðåäëîæåíèè. Ïðåäëîæåíèå — ýòî ñî÷åòàíèå ñëîâ, âûðàæàþùåå çàêîí÷åííóþ ìûñëü. Îòíîøåíèÿ ìåæäó ñëîâàìè â ðàçíûõ ÿçûêàõ âûðàæàþòñÿ ïî-ðàçíîìó.  ðóññêîì ÿçûêå ñâÿçü ñëîâ â ïðåäëîæåíèè âûðàæàåòñÿ â îñíîâíîì îêîí÷àíèÿìè ñëîâ, ïîýòîìó èçìåíåíèå ïîðÿäêà ñëîâ â ïðåäëîæåíèè íå èçìåíÿåò åãî ñìûñëà. Ìàëü÷èê êîðìèò ñîáàêó. Ñîáàêó êîðìèò ìàëü÷èê. Êîðìèò ìàëü÷èê ñîáàêó.  àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå îòíîøåíèÿ ìåæäó ÷ëåíàìè ïðåäëîæåíèÿ âûðàæàþòñÿ ãëàâíûì îáðàçîì ïðè ïîìîùè ñòðîãî îïðåäåëåííîãî ïîðÿäêà ñëîâ. Ïîýòîìó ïåðåñòàíîâêà ñëîâ â ïðåäëîæåíèè â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ìîæåò ïðèâåñòè íå òîëüêî ê èçìåíåíèþ ñìûñëà ïðåäëîæåíèÿ, íî è ê ïîëíîé áåññìûñëèöå. Åñëè â ïðåäëîæåíèè The boy is feeding the dog (ìàëü÷èê êîðìèò ñîáàêó) ïîìåíÿòü ìåñòàìè ñëîâà the dog è the boy, òî ñìûñë ïðåäëîæåíèÿ èçìåíèòñÿ, è óæå íå ìàëü÷èê áóäåò êîðìèòü ñîáàêó, à ñîáàêà ìàëü÷èêà — The dog is feeding the boy. Èç ïðèìåðà âèäíî, ÷òî â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå èìåííî ïîðÿäîê ñëîâ óêàçûâàåò íà òî, êàê ñâÿçàíû ìåæäó ñîáîé ñëîâà â ïðåäëîæåíèè. Äëÿ àíãëèéñêîãî ïðåäëîæåíèÿ õàðàêòåðåí ñëåäóþùèé ïîðÿäîê ñëîâ: Ïîäëåæàùåå (êòî äåéñòâóåò?) — ìàëü÷èê — the boy ñêàçóåìîå (÷òî äåëàåò?) — êîðìèò — is feeding äîïîëíåíèå (íà êîãî íàïðàâëåíî äåéñòâèå?) — ñîáàêó — the dog Îáñòîÿòåëüñòâà (ìåñòà, âðåìåíè, îáðàçà äåéñòâèÿ è ò. ä.) îáû÷íî ðàñïîëàãàþòñÿ ïîñëå äîïîëíåíèÿ. Ìàëü÷èê êîðìèò ñîáàêó (ãäå?) âî äâîðå («âî äâîðå» — îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî ìåñòà). The boy is feeding the dog in the yard. Ìàëü÷èê êîðìèò ñîáàêó (êàê?) ñ óäîâîëüñòâèåì («ñ óäîâîëüñòâèåì» — îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî îáðàçà äåéñòâèÿ). The boy is feeding the dog with pleasure. Ìàëü÷èê êîðìèò ñîáàêó (êîãäà?) êàæäîå óòðî («êàæäîå óòðî» — îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî âðåìåíè). The boy feeds the dog every morning. Îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî âðåìåíè ìîæåò ñòîÿòü è â íà÷àëå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ. Every morning the boy feeds the dog. Åñëè â êîíöå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ âñòðåòèëèñü îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî ìåñòà è îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî âðåìåíè, òî îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî ìåñòà îáû÷íî ñòîèò ïåðåä îáñòîÿòåëüñòâîì âðåìåíè. Ìàëü÷èê êîðìèò ñîáàêó âî äâîðå êàæäîå óòðî. The boy feeds the dog in the yard every morning. Åñëè â êîíöå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ âñòðåòèëèñü íåñêîëüêî îáñòîÿòåëüñòâ, òî îáû÷íî îíè ðàñïîëàãàþòñÿ â ñëåäóþùåì ïîðÿäêå: îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî îáðàçà äåéñòâèÿ (êàê?) îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî ìåñòà (ãäå?) ïðîòåêàåò äåéñòâèå îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî âðåìåíè (êîãäà?) Ìàëü÷èê ñ óäîâîëüñòâèåì êîðìèò ñîáàêó êàæäîå óòðî. The boy feeds the dog with pleasure every morning. Ìàëü÷èê ñ óäîâîëüñòâèåì êîðìèò ñîáàêó âî äâîðå. The boy feeds the dog with pleasure in the yard. Êàæäîå óòðî ìàëü÷èê ñ óäîâîëüñòâèåì êîðìèò ñîáàêó âî äâîðå. The boy feeds the dog with pleasure in the yard every morning.  àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ãðàììàòè÷åñêèå îòíîøåíèÿ ìåæäó ñëîâàìè âûðàæàþòñÿ íå òîëüêî îïðåäåëåííûì ïîðÿäêîì ñëîâ, íî è ïðè ïîìîùè ïðåäëîãîâ.  ðóññêîì ÿçûêå îòíîøåíèÿ ñëîâ, ïåðåäàâàåìûå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ïðåäëîãàìè, âûðàæàþòñÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèìè ïàäåæàìè. 1. Ïðåäëîã of, ñòîÿùèé ìåæäó äâóìÿ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûìè, ïåðåäàåò ãðàììàòè÷åñêèå îòíîøåíèÿ, âûðàæåííûå â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå ðîäèòåëüíûì ïàäåæîì (êîãî? ÷òî?): Îíà çàáûëà ïëàí (÷åãî?) âûñòóïëåíèÿ. She forgot the plan of the speech. 2. Ïðåäëîã to ïåðåä ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûì ïåðåäàåò îòíîøåíèÿ, âûðàæåííûå â ðóññêîì ÿçûêåäàòåëüíûì ïàäåæîì: Îíà ïîêàçàëà ïëàí âûñòóïëåíèÿ (êîìó?) ó÷èòåëüíèöå. She showed the plan of the speech to the teacher. Îäíàêî îòíîøåíèÿ ìåæäó ñëîâàìè, âûðàæåííûå â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå äàòåëüíûì ïàäåæîì, ìîãóò âûðàæàòüñÿ è áåñïðåäëîæíûì ñïîñîáîì: äëÿ ýòîãî ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå, ñòîÿùåå â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå â äàòåëüíîì ïàäåæå, â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå äîëæíî ñòîÿòü ñðàçó æå ïîñëå ñêàçóåìîãî — She showed the teacher the plan of the speech. 3. Ïðåäëîã by ïåðåä ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûì, îáîçíà÷àþùèì äåéñòâóþùèé ïðåäìåò èëè äåéñòâóþùåå ëèöî, ïåðåäàåò îòíîøåíèÿ, âûðàæåííûå â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå òâîðèòåëüíûì ïàäåæîì (êåì? ÷åì?): Ìíîãî äåðåâüåâ áûëî óíè÷òîæåíî (÷åì?) îãíåì. Many trees were destroyed by the fire. Ìíîãî äåðåâüåâ áûëî óíè÷òîæåíî ëþäüìè. Many trees were destroyed by people. 4. Ïðåäëîã with ïåðåä ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûì, îáîçíà÷àþùèì îðóäèå äåéñòâèÿ, ïåðåäàåò îòíîøåíèÿ, âûðàæåííûå â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå òâîðèòåëüíûì ïàäåæîì: ß ëþáëþ ïèñàòü (÷åì?) êàðàíäàøîì. I like to write with a pencil. Íåîáõîäèìî ó÷èòûâàòü âñå ýòè çàêîíîìåðíîñòè, ÷òîáû ïðàâèëüíî ïåðåâîäèòü ïðåäëîæåíèÿ ñ ðóññêîãî íà àíãëèéñêèé. ÏÐÈËÎÆÅÍÈÅ 2 to make made made äåëàòü to mean meant meant îçíà÷àòü, èìåòü â âèäó to meet met met âñòðå÷àòüñÿ to pay paid paid ïëàòèòü to put put put ïîëîæèòü to read read read ÷èòàòü to ride rode ridden åçäèòü âåðõîì to ring rang rung çâîíèòü to rise rose risen ïîäíèìàòüñÿ to say said said ñêàçàòü to see saw seen âèäåòü to sell sold sold ïðîäàâàòü to send sent sent ïîñëàòü to shake shook shaken òðÿñòè to show showed shown ïîêàçûâàòü to shut shut shut çàêðûâàòü to sing sang sung ïåòü to sink sank sunk òîíóòü to sit sat sat ñèäåòü to sleep slept slept ñïàòü to speak spoke spoken ãîâîðèòü to spend spent spent òðàòèòü to split split split ðàñêàëûâàòüñÿ to spread spread spread ïðîñòèðàòüñÿ, ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòüñÿ to stand stood stood ñòîÿòü to stick stuck stuck âîíçàòü, ïðîêàëûâàòü, êëåèòü to steal stole stolen êðàñòü to swear swore sworn êëÿñòüñÿ, ðóãàòüñÿ to swim swam swum ïëàâàòü to take took taken áðàòü, îòâîäèòü to teach taught taught ó÷èòü(ïðåïîäàâàòü) to tell told told ðàññêàçûâàòü to think thought thought äóìàòü to throw threw thrown áðîñàòü to understand understood understood ïîíèìàòü to wake woke woken ïðîñûïàòüñÿ to wear wore worn íîñèòü îäåæäó to win won won âûèãðûâàòü to write wrote written ïèñàòü ËÅÊÑÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÌÈÍÈÌÓÌÀ àáñîëþòíî — absolutely, perfectly àâàðèÿ — a damage (ïîâðåæäåíèå); a crash àâèàö.; an accident (íåñ÷àñòíûé ñëó÷àé) àâòîáóñ — a bus àâòîð — an author àäâîêàò — a lawyer àêâàðåëüíûå êðàñêè — water-colours àêêóðàòíî — neatly, smartly àêòèâíûé — active àíãëèéñêàÿ ãðàììàòèêà — English grammar àíòè÷íûé — antique, ancient, classical àðåíäà — rent àðèôìåòè÷åñêàÿ çàäà÷à — a sum àðòèñò — an actor àðõåîëîãè÷åñêàÿ — archaeological Á áàáóøêà — a grandmother; a grandma, a granny áàíäà — a gang; a band áàðäàê — complete chaos áåã òðóñöîé — jogging áåãëî — fluently áåäíûé — poor áåç ãðîøà — penniless áåç ïîñòîðîííåé ïîìîùè — single-handed áåç ñîìíåíèÿ — no doubt, surely áåçàëàáåðíûé — disorganised áåçäåëüíè÷àòü — to idle; to do nothing áåççàùèòíûé — defenseless, unprotected áåçìîçãëûé — brainless, stupid áåçîáðàçèå — 1) òîëüêî åä. ugliness; deformity (óðîäñòâî); (áåñïîðÿäîê, áåñ÷èíñòâî) disgrace, scandal, disgraceful/shocking things; ðàçã.: ÷òî çà áåçîáðàçèå! — it's disgraceful! it's scandalous! ýòî ïðîñòî áåçîáðàçèå — it's simply a disgrace/scandal áåçîñòàíîâî÷íî — non-stop áåçîòâåòíûé — meek, mild áåçðàáîòèöà — unemployment áåçðàññóäíûé — thoughtless, unreasonable áåçóìíî — madly áåëîå — white áåðåìåííàÿ — pregnant áåñèòü — to drive wild áåñïîðÿäîê — disorder, mess; áåñïîðÿäêè — disorders áèáëèîòåêà — a library áèòûé ÷àñ — for a good hour áëàãîäàðíîñòü — thanks áëàãîäàðÿ íåìó — thanks to him; because of him áëàãîðîäíûé — noble, generous áëàãîòâîðèòåëüíîñòü — charity, philanthropy áëèçêèå äðóçüÿ — close friends áëèçêèå ðîäñòâåííèêè — near relations áëèçêî îò — not far from áëþäî — 1) (ïîñóäà) a dish 2) (êóøàíüå) dish; course áîãàòàÿ — rich, wealthy áîãà÷è — the rich; the wealthy áîäðûé — cheerful, bright áîäðÿùèé — invigorative áîåâûå èñêóññòâà — martial arts áîëåçíü — sickness, illness; a disease áîëåòü çà (êîãî-òî) — to be a fan (of); to support áîëòàòü — to chat áîëòàòü áåç óìîëêó — to chat nonstop áîëòëèâàÿ — talkative áîëòóøêà — a chatter-box áîëüøå íå — any more áîëüøèíñòâî — majority; most (of) áîëüøîé — 1) big; large (î íåîäóøåâëåííûõ ïðåäìåòàõ); áîëüøîé ïðîìåæóòîê — wide interval; áîëüøîå ÷èñëî — great/large number; 2)(çíà÷èòåëüíûé, âûäàþùèéñÿ) — great; (âàæíûé) — important; ðàçã. (âçðîñëûé) — grown-up; áîëüøîé ïàëåö — thumb (íà ðóêå); big toe (íà íîãå); áîëüøîé ñïîðò — big-time sports; áîëüøàÿ áóêâà — capital letter áîÿòüñÿ ñîáàê — to be afraid of dogs áðàò — a brother Áðàóíû (ñåìüÿ Áðàóíîâ) — the Browns áðåäîâàÿ èäåÿ — a crazy idea áðîäÿãà — a tramp áðîñàòü (êóðèòü) — to give up (smoking) áóäèòü — to wake, to awaken, to call áóäóùåå — the future áóëüâàðíàÿ ëèòåðàòóðà — cheap novels áóíòóþùàÿ — rebellious áóðÿ — a storm áóðÿ âîñòîðãîâ — a storm of cheers áûâøèé — ex-áûñòðî — fast, quickly, rapidly, with speed áûòü â ãîñòÿõ — to be a guest of smb. áûòü â îòïóñêå — to be on leave áûòü â ïëîõîì íàñòðîåíèè — to be out of humor, to be in a bad mood; to be out of sorts ðàçã. ïðèõîäèòü â ïëîõîå íàñòðîåíèå — to get into a bad mood áûòü â ðàçâîäå — to be divorced áûòü â ññîðå — to be at odds with smb. áûòü â õîðîøåì íàñòðîåíèè — to be in a good mood; to be in good spirits áûòü âëþáëåííîé — to be in love with somebody áûòü ãîòîâûì — to be ready áûòü çàìóæåì çà — to be married to somebody áûòü èçóìëåííûì — to be amazed áûòü íà ñåäüìîì íåáå îò ñ÷àñòüÿ — to be in the seventh heaven, to be on cloud nine áûòü ðàñïîëîæåííûì — to be located, to be situated, to be áþðî çàíÿòîñòè — employment office  â àâòîáóñå — on a bus â àëôàâèòíîì ïîðÿäêå — in alphabetical order â âèäó ìîåé ïîñòîÿííîé çàíÿòîñòè — as I am always busy â äåòñòâå — in childhood, as a child â äóõå — in the spirit of smb./smth. â êà÷åñòâå ïðåïîäàâàòåëÿ — as a teacher â êîíöå êîíöîâ — in the end, after all â êîòîðîì ÷àñó — what time â êðàéíåì ñëó÷àå — as a last resort â ìàãàçèíå — in the shop â îáùåì — generally speaking â îðèãèíàëå — in the original â ïîñëåäíèé ðàç — for the last time â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå — otherwise â ñàìóþ æàðó — in the very heat â ÷àñòíîñòè — in particular â ýòîé îáëàñòè — in this field â þíîñòè — in youth âàãîí — a carriage âàæíûé — important âàì êàæåòñÿ — it seems to you âàì ñëåäóåò ñäåëàòü ýòî — you should do it âäðóã — suddenly Âåäè ñåáÿ õîðîøî! — Behave yourself! âåäü — 1) (äåëî â òîì, ÷òî) you see, you know; why; after all; îíà âñå ïîêóïàåò íîâûå ïëàòüÿ, âåäü îíà î÷åíü áîãàòà — she is always buying new dresses — she is very rich, you know; âåäü îí çíàòîê — he is an expert, you see; 2) (íå ïðàâäà ëè?) is it not? will you not?; is it? will you? (ïðè îòðèöàíèè) âåäü îí äîìà? — He is at home, isn't he? âåäü óæå ïîçäíî? — It is late, isn't it? âåäü ýòî íåïðàâäà? — It is not true, is it? âåçóí÷èê — a lucky fellow âåëèêèé — great âåëèêîäóøíûé — generous; noble âåëèêîëåïíî — splendidly âåëèêîëåïíûé — fine, splendid, excellent âåëîñèïåä — a bicycle; a cycle, a bike ðàçã. âåðèòü — to believe âåðíîå ðåøåíèå — right/correct decision âåðíóòüñÿ — to return; to come back; to get back, to be back âåðòèòñÿ íà êîí÷èêå ÿçûêà — to have something on the tip of one's tongue âåñåëûé — merry âåñíà — spring âåñòè ïîòèøå — to be quiet âåñòè ñåáÿ — to conduct oneself, to behave âåñòè ñåáÿ ïëîõî — to misbehave âåñòè ñåáÿ õîðîøî — to behave âå÷åðèíêà — a party âåùè — things âçáåøåííûé — furious âçâîëíîâàííûé — excited âçÿòü èíòåðâüþ — to take an interview âçÿòü ñåáÿ â ðóêè — to pull oneself together âèäíî — obviously, evidently âèíî — wine âèíîâåí — guilty âèñåòü íà òåëåôîíå — to hang on the phone âêëþ÷àòü â ñåáÿ — to include (in) âêóñíåíüêîå — delicious âêóñíî — tasty âëþáèòüñÿ — to fall in love (with) âìåøèâàòüñÿ â ÷óæèå äåëà — to interfere in other people's business âíà÷àëå — at first, in the beginning âíåçàïíî — suddenly Âíèìàíèå! — Attention!; look out! mind! âíèìàòåëüíî — carefully âíóê, âíó÷êà — a grandchild; âíóêè — grandchildren âíÿòíî — distinctly âî âðåìÿ — during, at the time of âî âðåìÿ ìàò÷à — during a game âî âñÿêîì ñëó÷àå — at any rate; at any case âîâñå íå — not at all âîäà — water, âîäîïðîâîäíàÿ âîäà — tap water âîäèòü ìàøèíó — to drive âîåííûé — a military man âîæäåíèå — driving âîçäóõ — air âîçèòüñÿ íà êóõíå — to potter about in the kitchen âîçëþáëåííûé — a lover, a sweetheart âîçìîæíî — perhaps âîçìóòèòåëüíî — disgusting!; disgraceful!; shocking! âîéíà — war âîéòè â — to get in âîëíîâàòüñÿ èç-çà — to worry about âîëîñû — hair âîîáùå — generally, in general (â îáùåì); on the whole âîîáùå íå (ñîâñåì) — at all, óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ â êîíöå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ: îí âîîáùå íå ïðèäåò — he won't come at all âîîðóæåííûå äî çóáîâ — armed to the teeth âîïëîùàòü â æèçíü — to realize âîïðîñ — a question; a matter (äåëî); an issue (ïðåäìåò ñïîðà, îáñóæäåíèÿ); a problem (ïðîáëåìà) âîðâàòüñÿ — to rush in(to); burst (into) âîñïèòûâàòü — to bring up âîñïðèíèìàòü — to perceive âîññòàíîâèòü — to restore âîñòîðã — delight âîñòîðæåííûé — enthusiastic âîñõèòèòåëüíûé — lovely âîñõèùåíèå — admiration, delight âîò òàê! — that's the way! that's right! âïåðâûå — for the first time, first âðàã — an enemy âðà÷ — a doctor âðåä — harm âðåìÿ — time âñå äíè íàïðîëåò — all days long âñå íåîáõîäèìîå — everything necessary Âñå, ðåøåíî! — That's settled! âñå-òàêè — nevertheless, (but) still, for all that, all the same, however âñêîðå — soon, presently, before long, shortly after âñêîðå ïîñëå ýòîãî — a short time later, shortly afterwards âñëóõ — aloud âñòàâàòü, âñòàòü — to get up âñòàòü ñ ïîñòåëè — to get out of bed âñòðåòèòü âî âòîðîé ðàç — to meet somebody the second time âñÿêèé õëàì — all sorts of rubbish; stuff â÷åðàøíèé — yesterday's, of yesterday, last night's âûáèòüñÿ èç ñèë — to wear oneself out âûáîð — a choice; an option âûâîäèòü êîãî-íèáóäü èç ñåáÿ — to make somebody angry âûâîäû ïðàâèòåëüñòâåííîé êîìèññèè — the conclusion of government commission âûãëÿäåòü — to look âûãëÿäåòü âåëèêîëåïíî — to look fine âûãëÿäûâàòü èç — to look out âûãíàòü — to turn out, to drive out âûãîäà — an advantage, profit, gain (ïðèáûëü); a interest âûãîäíîå ïðåäëîæåíèå — a profitable suggestion âûäàþùèéñÿ — outstanding âûäåðæêà èç ñòàòüè — an extract from the article âûçûâàòü (ÿâëÿòüñÿ ïðè÷èíîé, áûòü ïðè÷èíîé) — to cause âûéòè çàìóæ — to marry; to get married âûéòè èç ìàøèíû — to get out of a car âûéòè íà ïåíñèþ — to retire on a pension, to be pensioned off âûêëþ÷àòü — to turn off; to switch off; âûêëþ÷àòü ñâåò — to turn off; to switch off the light âûêðóòèòüñÿ — to get out of a difficulty âûïåíäðèâàòüñÿ — to show off âûïèñàòü ëåêàðñòâî — to prescribe a medicine âûïîëíÿòü — to carry out, to fulfil, to realize âûïîëíÿòü çàäàíèå — to do an assignment âûïðÿìèòüñÿ — to draw oneself up âûïóñêíèê — graduate, graduating student, final-year student âûðàæàòü íåóäîâîëüñòâèå — to complain âûðàñòè — to grow âûñìåèâàòü — to make fun (of) âûñîêîêëàññíûé ñïåöèàëèñò — a top-specialist âûñîêîìåðíî — lordly, with a high hand âûñòàâëÿòü â ìóçåå — to exhibit âûñòóïëåíèå — appearance (ïóáëè÷íîå); performance (íà ñöåíå); statement (çàÿâëåíèå); speech (ðå÷ü) âûñøåå ó÷åáíîå çàâåäåíèå — academy âûõëîïíûå ãàçû — exhaust gas âûÿñíèëîñü — it turned out âûÿñíèòü — to find out à ãàäîñòü — an ugly thing ãàçåòà — a newspaper ãåíèàëüíûé — genius (î ÷åëîâåêå); great (î òâîðåíèè è ò. ï.) ãëàâíàÿ ðîëü — key role, leading role, title role ãëóïî — foolishly, stupidly ãëóïîñòè — nonsense! stuff and nonsense! rubbish! ãëóïûé — silly ãîâîðèòü ãëóïîñòè — to talk rubbish ãîâîðèòü ïî òåëåôîíó — to speak on the telephone/phone ãîëîäíûé — hungry ãîëîñ — a voice ãîðîä — town; city (áîëüøîé ãîðîä) ãîðÿ÷èé — hot ãîòîâèòü — to cook; ãîòîâèòü çàâòðàê — to make breakfast ãîòîâèòüñÿ ê ýêçàìåíó — to get ready, to prepare (for) the exam ãðàáèòåëü — a robber; a burglar (âçëîìùèê) ãðåìåòü — to thunder ãðîì — thunder ãðóáî — roughly ãðóçèíñêîå — Georgian ãðóñòíûé — sad ãðÿçíûé — dirty ãóìàíèòàðíûå íàóêè — the humanities Ä äàâàòü äåíåã âçàéìû — to lend money äàâàòü íà ÷àé — to tip äàâàòü ñîâåòû — to counsel, to advise, to give advice äàâàòü ÷òî-òî êîìó-òî — to give something to somebody äàâíî — long ago äàìñêèå ðîìàíû — love stories äàòü (ïîëó÷èòü) ïî øåå — to give (to get) in the neck äàòü îáåùàíèå — to make a promise äàòü ñîâåò — to give advice, to give a piece of advice äà÷à — cottage äâå ïàðû ÷àñîâ — two watches äâîþðîäíàÿ ñåñòðà — a cousin äâîþðîäíûé áðàò — a cousin äåäóøêà — a grand-dad; a grandpa(pa) äåéñòâèå — an action äåéñòâèòåëüíî — really, actually, truly, indeed, in fact äåëàòü ïðåäëîæåíèå — to propose to äåëàòü óêîë — to give an injection äåëî (þðèä.) — a case äåìîíñòðèðîâàòü — to demonstrate äåíü ðîæäåíèÿ — birthday äåíüãè — money äåðåâî — a tree äåðåâî (ìàòåðèàë) — wood äåðæàòü çà ðóêó — to hold smb. by the hand äåðçêîå — insolent äåòåêòèâ — a detective story äåòè — children, kids; babies äåòñòâî — childhood äåøåâî — cheaply äåøåâûé — cheap äèâàí — a divan, a sofa, a couch; a settee äèïëîìíàÿ ðàáîòà — degree work/thesis/research äèðåêòîð — a principal, a headmaster äèññåðòàöèÿ — a dissertation; thesis äî êîíöà — completely äîáèòüñÿ óñïåõà — to achieve a success, to succeed in äîáðàòüñÿ äî — to reach, to get to äîáðîäóøíûé — good-natured, good-humoured äîáðîñîâåñòíûé — conscientious äîâåðèòü ñâîè òàéíû êîìó-ë. — to take smb. into one's confidence, to let smb. into one's secrets äîâåð÷èâûé — trusting, trustful äîâîëüíî — quite, rather äîâîëüíûé — pleased «äîæäèòü» — to rain äîêàçàòü — to prove; to demonstrate (íàãëÿäíî) äîêóìåíòû — documents, papers äîëãîæäàííàÿ — long-awaited, long-expected äîëæíîñòü — a post, a position, a job äîìîñåä — a stay-at home äîïîëíèòåëüíàÿ — additional, extra äîïîëíèòåëüíàÿ ïëàòà — extra payment äîïîëíèòåëüíûé çàðàáîòîê — extra earnings äîïðàøèâàòü — to examine, to question äîðîãà — a road äîðîãî — dearly äîðîæíî-òðàíñïîðòíîå ïðîèñøåñòâèå — an accident äîñòàòî÷íî (äîâîëüíî) — enough äîñòè÷ü — to achieve äîñòîéíûé — worthy äî÷ü — a daughter äðàãîöåííîñòè — jewelry äðàòüñÿ — to fight äðóãîé — other, another, different äðóæåëþáíî — friendly, kindly äðóæåëþáíûé — friendly äðóæèòü — to be friends (with) äÿäÿ — an uncle Å åäà — food åëêà — a fir(-tree) åìó âñå ðàâíî — he doesn't care åðóíäà — nonsense, rot, rubbish åñëè… òî… — if… then… åñòåñòâåííî — naturally åõàòü íà áîëüøîé ñêîðîñòè — to go at high speed åùå (äëÿ óñèëåíèÿ â ðàçíûõ çíà÷åíèÿõ íàïð. «åùå äî âîñõîäà ñîëíöà») — ever åùå êàêàÿ-òî — another åùå ðàç — once more; once again Æ æàäíûé — greedy æàëåòü — to pity; to feel sorry (for) æàëîâàòüñÿ — to complain (of, about) æàëîñòü — pity æàðà — heat, hot weather æàðêèé — hot æàðêî — it is hot æäàòü àâòîáóñà — to wait for a bus æäàòü ÷àñàìè — to wait for hours æåëåçíîäîðîæíûé âîêçàë — a railway station æåëòàÿ ïðåññà — yellow press æåíà — a wife æèâî — vividly æèçíü — life æèòåëü — an inhabitant, a resident, ìí. people, population æèòü íà çàðïëàòó — to live on one's salary (earnings) æóðíàë — a magazine; a journal æóðíàëèñò — a journalist, a pressman æóòêèé — terrible Ç çà êîðîòêèé ñðîê — in a short space of time çàáàâíàÿ — funny çàáåã — a round çàáîëåòü — to begin to ache, to ache çàáîð — a fence çàáîòèòüñÿ — to care (for), to take care (of); to look after çàáðàòü — to take away çàáûâàòü — to forget çàâèäîâàòü — to envy; to be envious/jealous (of) çàâèñåòü — to depend on çàâèñèìûé — dependent (on) çàâèñòëèâûé — envious çàâîäèòü — to start (ìîòîð); to wind up (÷àñû) çàâòðàêàòü — to have breakfast çàãëÿíóòü — to have a look (at) çàãîâîðèòü — to begin to speak çàãîðàòü — to become sunburnt / brown çàãðàíèöà — abroad çàãðÿçíÿòü — to pollute çàäà÷à — a problem çàåõàòü çà êåì-íèáóäü — to pick up çàéòè ê êîìó-íèáóäü — to go/come (to), to call (on), to visit çàêàí÷èâàòüñÿ — to end, to be over, to come to the end, to close çàìå÷àòåëüíûé — great çàìå÷àòü — to notice çàìêíóòûé — reserved çàìîê — a castle çàìó÷åííàÿ — exhausted çàíèìàòüñÿ — to study çàíèìàòüñÿ èññëåäîâàíèÿìè — to do research çàíèìàòüñÿ íà ïîëíóþ êàòóøêó — to work hard çàíèìàòüñÿ íàóêîé — to be a scientist çàíèìàòüñÿ ÷åì-íèáóäü — to do something çàíóäà — a bore çàíÿòèÿ — classes çàíÿòîé — busy çàíÿòîñòü — being busy; pressure of work çàïèñàòü — to write down çàïëàòèòü çà — to pay for çàïðåùàòü — to forbid, to prohibit, çàðàáàòûâàòü — to earn çàðàçà — an infection çàðàíåå — beforehand, in advance çàðåêîìåíäîâàòü — to show oneself çàðïëàòà — wages ìí. (ðàáî÷èõ); salary, pay (ñëóæàùèõ) çàðïëàòà ïîáîëüøå — a bigger salary çàñëóæèâàòü — to deserve çàñíóòü — to fall asleep çàñòàâèòü ÷òî-òî ñäåëàòü — to make do something çàñòåí÷èâûé — shy çàñòîé — stagnation çàòî — but çàòîðìîæåííàÿ — slow coach çàó÷èâàòü — to memorize, to learn by heart çàõðàïåòü — to begin to snore çàùèòèòü äèññåðòàöèþ — to defend a thesis çàùèùàòü îò — to defend from çàÿäëûé êóðèëüùèê — a heavy smoker çâàòü — to call çâîíèòü — 1) (î çâîíêå, òåëåôîíå, áóäèëüíèêå è ò. ï.) to ring; 2) (êîìó-ë.) to (tele)phone çâóê — a sound çâó÷èò çàìàí÷èâî — it sounds delicious çäàíèå — building çäîðîâàÿ — healthy çäîðîâûé îáðàç æèçíè — a healthy way of life çäîðîâüå — health çëèòü — to make angry, to irritate çëîé — wicked çíàêîìûé — an acquaintance; a friend çðÿ — for nothing, to no purpose, È è âîîáùå — generally, in general, on the whole (â öåëîì) è… è — both…and èãðàòü — to play èãðàòü â òåííèñ (ôóòáîë, øàõìàòû, êàðòû — òî åñòü ëþáûå èãðû) — to play tennis (football, chess, cards) èãðàòü íà ñöåíå — to act on the scene èãðàòü íà ôîðòåïèàíî (íà ôëåéòå, íà ñêðèïêå, íà ãèòàðå, — òî åñòü íà ìóçûêàëüíîì èíñòðóìåíòå) — to play the piano (the flute, the violin, the guitar) èãðóøêè — toys èäèîò — an idiot, a stupid one èäòè íà ïîâîäó — to follow smb.'s tastes èäòè ïåøêîì — to go on foot, to walk èäòè ñëåäîì — to follow smb.; close(ly) èç ïðîâèíöèè — from province èçâåñòíûé — known èçâèíÿòüñÿ — to make excuses, to apologise to èçâèíÿòüñÿ (ïåðåä) — to apologize to smb. èçâèíÿòüñÿ çà ÷òî-òî — to apologise for èçäàâàòü — to publish èçëå÷èâàòü — to cure èçìåíåíèå — change èçìó÷åííûé — exhausted, worn out èçî äíÿ â äåíü — from day to day èëè — or èìåííî — just; exactly, in particular èìåòü îòíîøåíèå ê — to have a direct bearing on, to be directly relevant to èìåòü ïðîòèâ — to (have) object(ion; to), to mind èíæåíåð — an engineer èíîñòðàíåö — a foreigner èíîñòðàííûé — foreign èíòåðåñíî — I wonder èíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ìîäîé — to be interested in fashion èíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ìóçûêîé — to be interested in music èíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ïîëèòèêîé — to be interested in politics èíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ñïîðòîì — to be interested in sport èíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ÷åì-ëèáî — to be interested in something èñêàòü — to look for; to seek èñêóñíî — skilfully èñêóññòâî — art âîåííîå èñêóññòâî — military art, art of war, soldier ship íàðîäíîå èñêóññòâî — folk art òîðãîâåö ïðîèçâåäåíèÿìè èñêóññòâà — art dealer àáñòðàêòíîå èñêóññòâî — abstract art, abstractionism àíòè÷íîå èñêóññòâî — antique art ñîâðåìåííîå èñêóññòâî — modern art áîåâîå èñêóññòâî — martial art èçîáðàçèòåëüíûå èñêóññòâà — fine arts èçÿùíûå èñêóññòâà — fine arts ïðîèçâåäåíèå èñêóññòâà — a work of art èñïîðòèòü — to spoil èñïóãàòüñÿ — to be frightened (of) èñïûòàòü — 1) (ïðîâåðÿòü) to try, to test; 2) (îùóùàòü) to experience, to feel èñïûòûâàòü áîëü â æèâîòå — to have a stomachache èñïûòûâàòü áîëü â ñïèíå — to have a backache èñïûòûâàòü áîëü â óøàõ — to have an earache èñïûòûâàòü ãîëîâíóþ áîëü — to have a headache èñïûòûâàòü çóáíóþ áîëü — to have a toothache èññëåäîâàíèå — research èñòîðè÷åñêèé — historical èñòîðèÿ (ðàññêàç) — a story Ê ê ïðèõîäó — by coming ê ñîæàëåíèþ — unfortunately, I'm afraid ê òîìó æå — as well êàáèíåò — a study êàâåðçíûé — tricky; ticklish êàæäûé áîæèé äåíü — every day of the week êàçàòüñÿ — to seem êàê — how êàê ìèíèìóì (ïî êðàéíåé ìåðå) — at least êàê ñëåäóåò — properly, duly; downright, thoroughly ðàçã.; as it should be êàê òîëüêî ýòî áóäåò âîçìîæíî — when possible, when it is possible, when there's a possibility êàêàÿ-íèáóäü — some; any êàíàë (òëâ.) — channel êàðòèíà — a picture; a painting êàðüåðà — career êàòàòüñÿ íà âåëîñèïåäå — to cycle, to go for a cycle ride êàòîëè÷åñêèå ñòðàíû — Catholic countries êà÷åñòâåííûå ïðîäóêòû — high-quality food êâàðòèðà — a flat êèíî — a cinema êèíîçâåçäà — a filmstar êèíóòü â — to throw at somebody êëþ÷è — keys êîãäà — when êîãäà åìó èñïîëíèòñÿ 40 ëåò — when he is 40 êîãäà ññîðèìñÿ (âî âðåìÿ ññîðû) — while quarrelling êîãäà ÿ áûë ðåáåíêîì — as a child êîæà — skin êîëëåêöèÿ — a collection êîìàð — a mosquito êîììóíèñòû — communists êîìíàòà — a room êîìïàíèÿ — a company êîìïëåêñ íåïîëíîöåííîñòè — inferiority complex êîìïîíåíòû — ingredients êîíå÷íî — of course êîíêóðñ — a competition êîïèòü äåíüãè — to save up êîðìèòü — to feed êîðîëü — a king êîðîííûé íîìåð — best-known number (âûñòóïàþùåãî); one's usual trick ðàçã. êîðîòêàÿ ñòðèæêà — haircut, cut, hairstyle, hairdo; ìóæñêàÿ ñòðèæêà «åæèê» — crew-cut êîñíóòüñÿ — to touch êîñòåð — a (camp)fire êîñòü — bone êîòîðûé — which êîôå — coffee êðàæà — stealing êðàñèâûé — beautiful êðàñèòü — to paint êðàñêè — colours êðàñîòà — beauty êðåñëî — an armchair êðèê — a cry êðèòèêîâàòü — to criticize; to find fault (with) êðè÷àòü — to cry, to shout; to scream, to yell (ïðîíçèòåëüíî) êðè÷àòü äðóã íà äðóãà — to shout at each other êóëóàðû — lobby êóïèòü íà óæèí — to buy for supper êóðåíèå — smoking êóðèòü — to smoke êó÷à íàðîäó — a lot of people Ë ëàäèòü — to get on (with) ðàçã.; to be on good terms (with); to agree (with) ëåêàðñòâî — medicine, drug; ëåêàðñòâî, êîòîðîå âàì íóæíî — the medicine that you need ëåíèòüñÿ — to be lazy, to be idle ëåíòÿé — an idler, a lazy person ëåñíèê — a forester ëåòàòü íà ñàìîëåòå — to travel by air ëå÷èòü — to treat (medically) ëèäåð — a leader ëèòåðàòîð — a literary man ëèõî (ñ ëåãêîñòüþ) — with great ease ëè÷íàÿ æèçíü — private life ëè÷íî — personally, in person ëè÷íîñòü — a personality ëèøü — just ëþáèì÷èê — a favourite ëþáèìûé — 1) beloved, loved, dear 2) (ïðåäïî÷èòàåìûé) favourite ëþáèòåëü (íåïðîôåññèîíàë) — an amateur ëþáèòåëüñêèé — amateur ëþäè — people Ì ìàëåéøåå — the slightest ìàëåíüêèé — little, small ìàìà — ma, mum, mummy, mommy, mother ìàíåðà äåðæàòüñÿ — the way of behaving ìàííà íåáåñíàÿ — manna from heaven ìåäëåííî — slowly ìåäñåñòðà — a nurse ìåëü÷àéøèå — the smallest ìåðçêèé — nasty, loathsome ìåñòî æèòåëüñòâà — the place of residence ìåñòî íàçíà÷åíèÿ — destination, destination point, the place of destination ìåñÿö — a month ìå÷òàòü î — to dream (of) ìå÷òàòü î òîì, ÷òîá ñòàòü êèíîçâåçäîé — to dream of being a filmstar ìåøàòü (áåñïîêîèòü) — to bother; to disturb ìèëûé — nice ìèíèàòþðíûå — miniature ìèíèñòð — a minister ìèðèòüñÿ — 1) ïîìèðèòüñÿ — to make it up (with smb.), 2) ïðèìèðèòüñÿ (òåðïèìî îòíîñèòüñÿ ê ÷åìó-ë.) to put up with, to bear with ìèðíûé — peace ìíå êàæåòñÿ — it seems to me, I think, in my opinion, to my mind ìíå îáû÷íî òðåáóåòñÿ ìíîãî âðåìåíè — it usually takes me a lot of time ìíå ñêó÷íî — I am bored ìíå ñòðàøíî — I'm afraid/terrified, I fear ìíîãî íàðîäó — many people, a large number of people ìîäíûå âåùè — fashionable, stylish things ìîæåò áûòü — may be ìîëíèÿ — a lightning; óäàð ìîëíèè — a thunderbolt ìîëîäåæíûé — youth ìîëîäåæü — youth, young people ìîëîäîæåíû — married couple ìîëîäîñòü — youth ìîëî÷íàÿ êàøà — milk porridge ìîíåòà — a coin ìîðîæåíîå — ice(-)cream ìðà÷íûé — gloomy ìóæ — a husband ìóçåé — a museum ìóçûêàíò — a musician ìóëüòèêè — cartoons ìó÷èòü — to worry ìû âñå — all of us ìûëüíàÿ îïåðà — a soap opera ìûòü ïîñóäó — to wash up, to wash the dishes Í íà áåãó — running íà âå÷åðèíêå — at the party íà âñòóïèòåëüíûõ ýêçàìåíàõ — during entrance examinations íà äà÷å — out of town; in the country íà çàðàáîòêè — in search of a job íà çàñåäàíèè — at the meeting íà çâàííûé îáåä — to the dinner party íà êàæäîì óãëó — at every corner íà êàðíàâàë — for carnival íà êóõíå — in the kitchen íà íåáå — in the sky íà îêðàèíå — outskirts íà ïåðâûé âçãëÿä — at first sight íà ïëÿæå — on the beach íà ðûíêå — in the market íà ñàìîì äåëå — in fact íà ñëåäóþùèé äåíü — the next day íà ñîðåâíîâàíèÿõ — at games íà óëèöå — in the street; (âíå äîìà) out of doors; outside, outdoors íà óðîêàõ — at the lessons íà óðîêàõ ôèçèêè — at physics lessons íà ýòèõ äíÿõ — these days íà þãå — in the South íàáëþäàòü çà — to watch íàâåðíÿêà — for sure, certainly íàâåñòè ìàêèÿæ — to make up, to beautify oneself íàâåùàòü — to visit; to call on; to come to see íàãíåòàòü ïàíèêó — to force panic íàãðàæäàòü — to reward (with); to decorate (with), to award íàçâàíèå — a name; an appellation; a title (êíèãè) íàêàçûâàòü — to punish íàêîíåö — 1) at last, eventually, lastly, finally; 2) in the end (â êîíöå êîíöîâ); 3) after all íàêîðìèòü — to feed íàëè÷íûå — cash íàëîæèòü îòïå÷àòîê — to leave an imprint íàíèìàòü íà ðàáîòó — to employ íàïåâàòü — to sing íàïîìèíàòü — to remind about íàðèñîâàòü — 1) to draw; to paint (êðàñêàìè); 2) ïåðåí. (ïðåäñòàâëÿòü ñåáå) to picture íàðóøàòü — to disturb; to break íàðÿäû — smart clothes íàñòàèâàòü íà — to insist (on/upon doing smth.); (óïîðñòâîâàòü) to persist (in doing smth.); (äîáèâàòüñÿ) to press (for) íàñòàòü — to come, to begin íàñòîé÷èâî — hard íàñòîÿùèé — true, real íàñòóïàòü — to come; to begin íàñòóïèòü (íàñòóïèëà çèìà) — to be in (winter is in) íàñòóïëåíèå — coming íàòàëêèâàòüñÿ — to come across, to run across íàòóðàëüíîå ìîëîêî — liquid milk íàóêà — science; ýòî òåáå íàóêà (ðàçã.) — let this be a lesson to you íàó÷èòüñÿ — to learn íàó÷íàÿ ðàáîòà — scientific work ïèñàòü íàó÷íóþ ðàáîòó — to do a paper íàó÷íûå èçûñêàíèÿ — research íàõîäèòü — to find; to discover (îòêðûâàòü) íà÷àëî — beginning íå î ÷åì âîëíîâàòüñÿ — there is nothing to worry about íå îòðûâàÿñü — without rest; nonstop íåáðåæíîå — careless íåâåçó÷èå — the luckless íåâèíîâåí — innocent íåâêóñíàÿ — tasteless íåâîñïèòàííûå — ill-mannered íåäàâíî — recently, not long ago; lately íåäîâåðèå — distrust íåäîñòàòî÷íî — it is not enough íåçàâèñèìûé — independent íåçíàêîìûé — unknown (to), unfamiliar (to); strange íåëåïàÿ — odd; ridiculous íåëüçÿ (íå ñëåäóåò) — one should not íåìåäëåííî — at once íåíàâèñòü — hatred íåîáõîäèìûé — necessary, essential íåîáûêíîâåííûé — unusual, uncommon; extraordinary íåïîíèìàíèå — misunderstanding íåïðåäâèäåííûé — unforeseen íåïðèÿçíü — dislike íåïðèÿòíî — it's very unpleasant íåðâíè÷àòü — to be/feel nervous íåñáûòî÷íîå — unrealizable íåñêîëüêî — a few, some, several íåñìîòðÿ íà — in spite of, despite íåñìîòðÿ íà òî, ÷òî — in spite of the fact that íåñìîòðÿ íà ýòî — in spite of this íåñòè ÷åïóõó, áîëòàòü î âñÿêîé åðóíäå — to talk rubbish íåñ÷àñòíûé ñëó÷àé — an accident íåò íåîáõîäèìîñòè — there is no need (for/to) íåóäà÷íèê — an unlucky fellow/person íåóäîâîëüñòâèå — displeasure íåóðàâíîâåøåííûé — unbalanced íè… íè… — neither…nor; ïðè ýòîì îòðèöàíèå «íå» ïðè ãëàãîëå íà àíãë. ÿçûê íå ïåðåâîäèòñÿ (íè îí, íè îíà íå áóäóò òàì — neither he nor she will be here) íèêòî — nobody; no one; none íèêóäûøíûé — good-for-nothing, worthless, useless íèùèé — a beggar íîâåéøåå — the newest; the latest (ïîñëåäíèé); modern, up-to-date íîâîãîäíèé — New Year's íîâîñòè — news; íîâîñòü — news; a piece of news íîâûé ìàòåðèàë — new material íîæ — knife íîðìàëüíî — normally íîñîâîé ïëàòîê — (hand)kerchief íî÷íîé — night íðàâèòüñÿ — to like íó ÷òî æ — well íóæäàòüñÿ — to need; to be in need of íóæíûé — necessary íûíåøíÿÿ — present, today's íûòü — to moan íÿíÿ — a nurse Î îáà — both îáâèíåíèå — accusation, charge îáâèíÿòü — to accuse (of), to blame (for) îáâèíÿòü â ïðåñòóïëåíèè — to criminate îáäóìàòü — to think over îáåäàòü — to have dinner îáåñïå÷èòü — to provide (with) îáåñïîêîåííûé — worried îáåùàòü — to promise îáæå÷ü — to burn îáçûâàòü(ñÿ) — to call names îáèäà — an offence îáèæàòü — to offend (smb.) îáëàêî — a cloud îáëåçëûé — mangy; shabby; bare îáìàíûâàòü — to deceive, to cheat; to trick îáíàðóæèòü — to find out îáîçðèìîå áóäóùåå — the foreseeable future îáîðóäîâàíèå — equipment îáðàòèòüñÿ â — to apply to îáðàòèòüñÿ ê âðà÷ó — to consult the doctor îáðàùàòü âíèìàíèå — to pay attention (to); to take notice (of), to notice îáðàùàòüñÿ ïî ïîâîäó ðàáîòû — to apply for a job îáðàùàòüñÿ ñ êåì-íèáóäü — to treat to somebody îáñëóæèâàòü — to serve îáñëóæèâàþùèé ïåðñîíàë — staff îáñòîÿòåëüñòâà — circumstances îáñóæäàòü — to discuss; to talk over ðàçã. îáùàòüñÿ — to communicate with; to mix (with) îáùåñòâåííûé òðàíñïîðò — passenger traffic îáùåñòâî — company; society îáùèòåëüíûé — sociable îáúÿâèòü — to declare îáúÿñíèòü — to explain; îáúÿñíÿòü êîìó-òî — to explain to smb. îáûêíîâåííûé — ordinary/average îãîíü — fire îãðàáëåíèå — robbery îãðîìíàÿ — huge; enormous, tremendous îãðûçàòüñÿ — to snap at; to shout back at îäåâàòü êàê êóêîëêó — to dress like a dolly îäåâàòü ñî âêóñîì — to dress tastefully îäåæäà — clothes îäåòü â êðàñíîå — to dress in red îäåòüñÿ — to get dressed, to dress îäèí (â îäèíî÷åñòâå) — alone îäíàæäû — once, one day îäíèì ñëîâîì — in a/one word; in short îäíî è òî æå — the same îäíîâðåìåííî — at the same time, at one time îäîáðÿòü — to approve (of) îäîëæèòü — to lend (êîìó-ë.); to borrow (from) (ó êîãî-ë.); îçâåðåòü — to become wild, mad îêíî — a window îêîëî — about, approximately îêîëî êèíîòåàòðà — near the cinema îêîí÷àíèå èíñòèòóòà — graduation îêîí÷àòåëüíî — finally, once and for all îêîí÷àòåëüíîå — final, definitive îêîí÷èòü øêîëó — to leave school îí áûñòðî ñîîáðàæàåò — he is quick-witted îíè íå ëàäÿò — they don't get on, they are at odds îïòèìèñò — an optimist îïóáëèêîâàòü — to publish îðàòü — 1) to yell, to scream; 2) (íà êîãî-ë.) to shout (at) îñâîáîäèòüñÿ — to become free; to get free îñêîðáëÿòü — to offend îñìàòðèâàòü — to examine îñìàòðèâàòü äîñòîïðèìå÷àòåëüíîñòè — to go sight-seeing, to see the sights (of) îñìåëèòüñÿ — to dare îñíîâàòü — to found îñîáåííî — especially; particularly îñîçíàòü — to realize îñòàâèòü â ïîêîå — to leave alone îñòàâëÿòü áåç ïðèñìîòðà — to leave without care îñòåïåíèòüñÿ — to become respectable îò îáèäû — of offence îòâëåêàòü — to distract îòâðàòèòåëüíûé — nasty, loathsome îòäûõ íà ìîðå — the rest at sea îòäûõàþùèå — holiday-makers îòêàçûâàòüñÿ — to refuse îòêàçûâàòüñÿ â ïîëó÷åíèè — to refuse to get îòêðîâåííî — frankly îòëè÷íûé — excellent, perfect îòíîñèòüñÿ ê êîìó-òî — to treat somebody îòïóñê — vacation; holiday, leave (ó ñëóæàùåãî) îòðûâîê — an extract, a passage; î÷àðîâàòåëüíûé — charming, fascinating î÷àðîâàòü — to charm, to fascinate î÷åíü — very (ïðè ïðèë. è íàðå÷.); (very) much, greatly (ïðè ãë.) î÷åðåäíîé — regular î÷êè — glasses îùóùåíèå — a feeling Ï ïàëåö — a finger; a toe (íîãè) áîëüøîé ïàëåö ðóêè — a thumb ïàëüòî — a (over)coat ïàíèêåð — a panic-monger, a scare-monger ïàïà — dad ïàðàøþò — a parachute ïàðèêìàõåð æåíñêèé — a hairdresser ïàðèêìàõåð ìóæñêîé — a barber ïàðèêìàõåðñêàÿ — barber's (shop), hairdresser's ïàññèâíûé — passive ïàõíåò âåñíîé — there is a smell of spring in the air ïåâåö — a singer ïåäàíò — a pedant ïåíñèîíåð — a pensioner ïåðâîêóðñíèê — a freshman, a first-year student/man ïåðåáåãàòü — to run across ïåðåáèâàòü — to interrupt, to break ïåðåâîä÷èê óñòíûé — an interpreter ïåðåâîä÷èê ëèòåðàòóðû — a translator ïåðåãîâîðû — talks ïåðåãîâîðû íà âûñøåì óðîâíå — summit talks ïåðåä ñíîì — before night ïåðåäà÷à — a program ïåðåäóìàòü — to change one's mind ïåðååõàòü â — to move to ïåðåèìåíîâûâàòü — to rename, to give a new name ïåðåêóñèòü — to have a snack ïåðåëåò — flight ïåðåíî÷åâàòü — to spend the night ïåðåîäåòüñÿ — to change, to get changed ïåðåñòðàèâàòü — to rebuild ïåðåõîäèòü óëèöó — to cross the street ïåðèîä — a period ïåñíÿ — a song ïåññèìèñò — a pessimist ïåòü — to sing ïåòü ñåðåíàäû — to sing serenades ïå÷àëüíûé — sad ïèâî — beer ïèëèòü (â ïåðåíîñíîì çíà÷åíèè) — to nag ïèñàòåëü — a writer, an author, a penman ïèñàòü äèññåðòàöèþ — to work on the dissertation ïèñàòü êîìó-íèáóäü — to write to somebody ïèòü — to drink ïëàâàíèå — swimming ïëàâàòü — to swim ïëàêàòü — to weep, to cry; to sob (íàâçðûä) ïëàêàòü ïî ïóñòÿêàì — to cry on nothing ïëàí — a plan ïëàòà çà àðåíäó — rent ïëàòèòü — to pay ïëàòèòü çàðïëàòó — to pay a salary ïëàòèòü íàëè÷íûìè — to pay in cash ïëàòèòü íàëîãè — to pay taxes ïëåìÿííèê — a nephew ïëåìÿííèöà — a niece ïëåíêà — a film ïëîõî ñåáÿ ÷óâñòâîâàòü — to feel unwell/bad ïëîõîé — bad ïî áóäíÿì — on week-days ïî âñåé âèäèìîñòè — to all appearance(s) ïî ãîðîäó — over the town ïî êðàéíåé ìåðå — at least ïî ïî÷òå — by post ïî ðàäèî — on/by the radio, over the air ïî ñëóõàì — from rumors ïî ñóòè äåëà — at bottom of fact, as a matter of fact, in point of fact ïî òåëåâèçîðó — on television ïîáèòü — to beat ïîáëèçîñòè — near here ïîâåäåíèå — behaviour, conduct ïîâåðíóòüñÿ — to turn ïîâòîðÿòü — to repeat; to review (óðîê) ïîâûøåíèå çàðïëàòû — an increase in pay ïîãëàäèòü — to iron ïîä äîæäåì — in the rain ïîäàâëåííûé — depressed, dispirited ïîäàðîê — a present, gift ïîäâîäíîå — underwater ïîäãîòîâèòüñÿ ê ýêçàìåíó — to get ready; to prepare (for) ïîäãîòîâèòüñÿ êàê ñëåäóåò — to be ready properly ïîäçåìíûé ïåðåõîä — pedestrian subway ïîäëèçà — a lickspittle ïîäìåñòè — to sweep ïîäíèìàòü çàðïëàòó — to rise pay, salary ïîäíîãîòíàÿ — ins and outs ïîäíÿòü ðóêó — to raise one's hand ïîäîáíûé âîïðîñ — such a question ïîäîçðåâàòü — to suspect (of) ïîäðîáíî — in detail ïîäðîáíîñòü — a detail ïîäðîñòêè — teenagers ïîäðóãà — a friend ïîäóìàòü õîðîøåíüêî — to use somebody's mind; to think twice ïîäóøêà — a pillow ïîäõâàòèòü (áîëåçíü) — to catch ïîäõîäèòü — 1) (ê êîìó-ë./÷åìó-ë.; ïðèáëèæàòüñÿ) to approach; to go / to come / to walk / to step up (to); 2) (êîìó-ë./÷åìó-ë.; ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü^ suit (áûòü ê ëèöó); to fit (ïî ðàçìåðó); to match (ïîä ïàðó); to be right (for) ïîäõîäÿùèé — right ïîä÷èíåííûé — subordinate ïîäúåõàòü ê — to drive up to ïîåçä óøåë (çäåñü) — he has missed the train ïîåõàòü íà àâòîáóñå — to go by bus; íà ìàøèíå — by car; íà ìåòðî — by underground, by subway; íà ïîåçäå — by train; íà òàêñè — by a taxi ïîåõàòü íà äà÷ó — to go to the cottage ïîåõàòü íà ìîðå — to go to sea ïîæàëåòü — to pity; to feel sorry (for) ïîæàëóéñòà — please ïîæåíèòüñÿ — to get married ïîæèëûå (ñóù.) — the aged; people in years ïîæèëûå ëþäè — people in years, the old ïîçàáûòü — to forget (about) ïîçàäè ñåáÿ — behind somebody (me, her, him) ïîçâàòü ê ñòîëó — to invite to table ïîçâîëÿòü — to allow (to), to permit (to) ïîçäðàâèòåëüíàÿ òåëåãðàììà — the telegram of congratulation ïîçäðàâèòü ñ — to congratulate (on) ïîçäðàâëÿþ — my congratulations! ïîçíàêîìèòüñÿ — to become acquainted (with) ïîéòè ãóëÿòü — to go for a walk, to walk, to stroll, to take a walk/stroll ïîéòè ê âðà÷ó — to go to the doctor ïîéòè íà ðàáîòó — to go to work ïîéòè íà ðûáàëêó — to go fishing ïîéòè ïåøêîì — to walk, to go on foot ïîêà (ïîêà ÷òî, ïîêà åùå) — for the time being, for the time present; ïîêà! ðàçã. — so long! (I'll) see you later, bye-bye ïîêèäàòü — to leave ïîêëîííèê — an admirer ïîêëÿñòüñÿ — to swear ïîêóïàòåëè — buyers, purchasers; customers ïîêóïêà — a purchase; a buying ïîêóðèòü — to have a smoke ïîëèòèê — a politician ïîëèöåéñêèé — a policeman ïîëíîñòüþ — completely; fully ïîë-óðîêà — half a lesson ïîëó÷àòü ïðèáûëü — to get a profit (out of), to receive a profit (from); to profit (by/from) ïîëó÷èòü âåñòî÷êó, èçâåñòèå — to hear from ïîìèðèòü — to reconcile (with), to make up with ïîìîãàòü — to help ïî-ìîåìó — in my opinion, according to my opinion, to my mind, to my way of thinking ïîìûòü ïîñóäó — to wash (to do) the dishes ïîíÿòü — to understand, to comprehend ïîïåðõíóòüñÿ — to choke (over) ïîïðàâèòü ïðè÷åñêó — to tidy one's hair ïîïðàâèòüñÿ — to put on the weight ïîïûòàòüñÿ — to have a try ïîðòíîé — a dressmaker ïîðÿäîê — order ïîðÿäî÷íûé — honest ïîñâÿùàòü — to dedicate to; to devote to ïîñëå — after ïîñëå îêîí÷àíèÿ — after finishing ïîñëå òîãî êàê — after ïîñëåçàâòðà — the day after tomorrow ïîñëóøàéòå! — Look here! ïîñëóøàíèå — obedience ïîñòåëèòü ïîñòåëü — to make the bed ïîñòèðàòü — to wash, to do some washing ïîñòîðîííèé — stranger ïîñòîÿííàÿ — constant; permanent ïîñòîÿííî — constantly ïîñòðàäàâøèå — the injured ïîñòóïàòü (âåñòè ñåáÿ) — to act ïîñòóïèòü â ìóçûêàëüíóþ øêîëó — to enter the music school ïîñûëàòü — to send ïîòåðÿòü âêóñ ê æèçíè — to lose a taste for life ïîòåðÿòü èç âèäó — to lose sight (of) ïîòåðÿòü ðàáîòó — to lose a job ïîòåðÿòüñÿ — to get lost ïîòîì — then ïîòîìó ÷òî — because ïîòðàòèòü — to spend ïîòðàòèòü äåíüãè íà — to spend money for ïîòðÿñàþùèé — tremendous, marvelous, fabulous ïîõîä — a hike, a walking-tour, an outing, a camping trip ïîõîäêà — a step ïîõîæå (íà òî ÷òî) — it looks as if… ïîõóäåòü — to grow thin, to lose flesh ïîöåëóé — a kiss; ïîñûëàòü âîçäóøíûå ïîöåëóè — to blow kisses ïî÷åìó-òî — for some reason ïî÷òè — almost ïî÷óâñòâîâàòü ãîëîâîêðóæåíèå — to feel giddy, dizzy ïî÷óâñòâîâàòü æàëîñòü — to feel pity ïî÷óâñòâîâàòü óñòàëîñòü — to get tired ïîýòîìó — that's why ïîÿâèòüñÿ — to appear ïðàâà — rights ïðàâèëà ïîâåäåíèÿ — the code of conduct ïðàâèëî — a rule ïðàâèòåëüñòâî — government ïðàâíóê — a great-grandchild; ïðàâíóêè — great-grandchildren ïðàçäíè÷íûé — festive, festal; holiday ïðàçäíîâàòü — to celebrate ïðåâðàòèòüñÿ â… — to turn into, to change into; to grow into ïðåäêè — ancestors; forefathers ïðåäëîæåíèå — an offer; a proposal, a proposition, a suggestion ïðåäëîæèòü — to offer ïðåäëîæèòü ïîìîùü — to offer help ïðåäìåò (ó÷åáíûé) — subject ïðåäïî÷èòàòü — to prefer ïðåäñòàâèòü (êîãî-òî êîìó-òî) — to introduce (to) ïðåäñòàâëÿåøü! — fancy that! ïðåäñòàâëÿòü ñåáå — to imagine, to picture, to fancy ïðåäñòàâüòå ñåáå — just imagine! Fancy that! ïðåäñòîÿùàÿ — (forth)coming ïðåäúÿâëÿòü — to prefer (îáâèíåíèå) ïðåçðåíèå — scorn ïðåêðàñíûé — wonderful ïðåêðàòèòü îáùàòüñÿ — to drop an acquaintance ïðåíåáðåæèòåëüíî — depreciatingly, lightly ïðåðâàòü çíàêîìñòâî — to drop an acquaintance ïðåñëåäîâàòü — to follow ïðåññ-êîíôåðåíöèÿ — press conference ïðåñòèæíûé — prestige; prestigious ïðåòåíäåíò — a pretender (to) ïðè íûíåøíåé âëàñòè — under present power ïðè ïåðåâîäå — while translating ïðè ïîñòîðîííèõ — in the presence of the strangers ïðèáàâêà ê çàðïëàòå — a pay rise ïðèáûâàòü — to arrive ïðèáûëü — profit(s), benefit ïðèâåñòè â ïîðÿäîê — to put in order, to bring order to smth. ïðèâëåêàòåëüíûé — attractive, nice ïðèâîäèòü â ïîðÿäîê — to put in order, to bring smb. to his senses; ïðèâîçèòü — to bring ïðèâûêàòü — to get used to; to be used to ïðèãëàñèòü íà ñâîé äåíü ðîæäåíèÿ — to invite to one's birthday party ïðèãëàøàòü — to invite ïðèãëàøàòü íà âå÷åðèíêó — to invite to the party ïðèãëàøåííûå — invitee ïðèãîòîâèòü çàâòðàê — to make dinner ïðèãîòîâëåíèå — preparation ïðèäèðàòüñÿ — to find fault with somebody ïðèäóìàòü — to think out, to invent ïðèåçæàòü — to arrive ïðèåõàòü â îòåëü — to arrive at a hotel ïðèçíàòüñÿ — to confess ïðèéòè â ãîñòè — to visit, to pay a visit, to go on a visit, to go to see ïðèêàñàòüñÿ — to touch ïðèëè÷íîå ìåñòî — a proper place ïðèíèìàòü â (èíñòèòóò) — to admit (to), to accept (for) ïðèíèìàòü âàííó — to take (to have) a bath ïðèíèìàòü äóø — to take (to have) a shower ïðèíèìàòü ëåêàðñòâî — to take the medicine ïðèíèìàòü ó÷àñòèå — to take part (in), to participate (in) ïðèíÿòü ðåøåíèå — to decide; to take/reach a decision ïðèîáðåòàòü — to obtain, to get ïðèñïîñîáèòüñÿ — to adjust/adapt oneself (to), to accommodate oneself (to) ïðèñòàâàòü (ê êîìó-íèáóäü) — to stick to ïðèñòàâàòü (ñ ÷åì-íèáóäü) — to nag (with), to bother (with) ïðèòâîðÿòüñÿ — to pretend (to be), to act ïðèòâîðÿòüñÿ áîëüíûì — to pretend to be ill ïðèòÿãèâàòü ëþäåé — to attract people, to make friends ïðèõîäèòü — to come ïðèõîäèòü âîâðåìÿ — to come on time ïðè÷åñàòüñÿ — to do smb's hair ïðè÷èíà — a cause; a reason; a motive ïðîáëåìà — a problem ïðîáîâàòü — 1) (äåëàòü ÷òî-ë.) (ïûòàòüñÿ) to try, 2) (÷òî-ë.) to taste ïðîâàëèòüñÿ íà ýêçàìåíå — to fail in an exam ïðîâåðÿòü — to examine, to check (up), to control ïðîâîäèòü óðîê — to give a lesson, to conduct a lesson ïðîãîëîäàòüñÿ — to get hungry ïðîãðàììà íîâîñòåé — the news ïðîãðàììèñò — a programmer ïðîãóëèâàòü óðîêè — to shirk school, to play truant ïðîãóëÿòüñÿ — to have a walk ïðîäàâàòü — to sell ïðîäàâåö â ìàãàçèíå — a salesman ïðîäàâåö íà óëèöå — a vendor ïðîäóêöèÿ — production, output, produce ïðîèçâåñòè ôóðîð (íàäåëàòü ìíîãî øóìà) — to cause a sensation ïðîèçâîäèòü âïå÷àòëåíèå — to make/create an impression (on, upon) ïðîèçíîøåíèå — pronunciation ïðîèñõîäèòü — to happen; to go on ïðîèñõîäèòü — to take place, to happen, to occur ïðîìîêíóòü — to get wet ïðîïûëåñîñèòü — to vacuum ïðîñèòü ê òåëåôîíó — to call somebody to phone ïðîñìàòðèâàòü ãàçåòû — to look through, to run through newspapers ïðîñíóòüñÿ — to wake up- ïðîñòåéøàÿ — ABC, primary ïðîñòèòü — to excuse; to pardon; to forgive ïðîñòî — just ïðîñòî øóòêà — just a joke ïðîòèâíûé — disgusting, nasty, loathsome ïðîõëàäà — cool(ness) ïðîõîäèòü ìèìî — to pass by ïðîõîæèé — a passer-by ïðîøëîå — the past ïðîùàòü — to forgive, to excuse ïðûæîê — a jump ïðÿìî äîìîé — straight home ïóáëèêà — audience; public ïóñòÿêè — nonsense, nothing, nothingness, small beer ïóñòÿêè! — (it's) nothing!; never mind!; nonsense! rubbish! ïóòåøåñòâîâàòü — to travel ïûòàòüñÿ — to try ïüÿíûå — the drunk ïÿòèëåòíèé þáèëåé — a five-year anniversary Ð ðàáîòà — work, a job ðàáîòà íà íåñêîëüêî ÷àñîâ â äåíü — a part-time job ðàáîòàòü íàä — to work at/on ðàáîòàòü íàä òåìîé — to work at/on the theme ðàáîòÿãà — a hard-worker ðàáî÷èé — working, work ðàâíîäóøíî — indifferently ðàäîâàòüñÿ — to be glad/pleased/happy ðàç (â çíà÷åíèè «åñëè») — if ðàçáèðàòüñÿ â ÷åì-íèáóäü — to know a thing or two of something ðàçáóäèòü — to wake ðàçâëåêàòü — to entertain, to amuse ðàçâîäèòüñÿ — to get divorced ðàçãîâîðû â êóëóàðàõ — lobby talks ðàçäàëñÿ çâîíîê — the bell rang out ðàçäåëèòü íà — to divide into ðàçäðàæåííûé — irritated ðàçæèãàòü — to light ðàçíîñèòü — to deliver ðàçîðèòüñÿ — to lose everything ðàçî÷àðîâûâàòü — to disappoint ðàçðóøàòü — to destroy ðàíî — early ðàñêàëûâàòüñÿ — to split ðàñïëàêàòüñÿ — to burst into tears, to burst out crying ðàñïëà÷èâàòüñÿ êðåäèòêîé — to pay by credit card ðàñïîëàãàòü — to arrange; to place, to put, to set ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòü — to spread ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòüñÿ — to spread ðàññâåò — dawn ðàññêàçûâàòü — to tell ðàññòðîåííûé — sad, upset (ýìîöèîíàëüíî); (î çäîðîâüå) impaired; (î ìóçûêàëüíîì èíñòðóìåíòå) out of tune ðàññóäèòåëüíûé — wise; reasonable, sensible ðàññ÷èòûâàòü — to expect ðàñõîäû ñîñòàâëÿþò — expenses amount to, come to ðàôèíèðîâàííàÿ ïóáëèêà — refined audience ðåáåíîê — a child; an infant; a baby; a kid ðàçã. ðåâíèâûé — jealous ðåãóëÿðíî — routinely, regularly ðåæèññåð — a director ðåçàòü — to cut ðåçóëüòàòû — results ðåêëàìèðîâàòü — to advertise ðåêîìåíäîâàííûå — suggested, recommended ðåëèãèîçíûé — religious ðåìîíòèðîâàòü — to repair ðåïåòèöèÿ — a rehearsal ðåñòàâðèðîâàòü — to restore ðåñòîðàí — a restaurant ðåøàòü ïðîáëåìó — to solve a problem ðåøèòåëüíûå ìåðû — extraordinary/emergency measures ðîâåñíèê — a person of the same age; ìîè ðîâåñíèêè — people of my age ðîâíî â 5 — at 5 o'clock sharp ðîäèòåëè — parents ðîäíûå — relatives, relations ðîäíÿ — folks ðîäñòâåííèê — a relative; a relation; a kinsman ðîäñòâåííèêè (ðîäíÿ) — kin ðîæàòü — to give birth (to), to bear Ðîæäåñòâî — Christmas ðîëü — part, role ðóãàòüñÿ — to abuse, to scold ðóãàòüñÿ (èñïîëüçîâàòü áðàííûå ñëîâà è íåöåíçóðíûå âûðàæåíèÿ) — to use bad language ðóêîïèñü — manuscript ðûáà — fish Ñ ñ ìèíóòû íà ìèíóòó — (at) any moment ñ ïðåâåëèêèì óäîâîëüñòâèåì — with (the greatest) pleasure ñ ñàìîãî ðîæäåíèÿ — from the birth ñ õîðîøèì êîíöîì — with happy end ñàëàò — a salad ñàìàÿ êðàñèâàÿ — the most beautiful ñàìîâëþáëåííûé — self-enamoured ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíàÿ ðàáîòà — a test ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíî — independently (íåçàâèñèìî); without assistance, on one's own (áåç ïîñòîðîííåé ïîìîùè) ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíûé — independent; self-dependent ñàìîóâåðåííûé — self-confident, self-assured ñàìûé — the very ñàìûé ëó÷øèé — the best ñàìûé ïëîõîé — the worst ñàíàòîðèé — sanatorium, health centre ñáåðåæåíèÿ — savings ñâàäüáà — a wedding ñâåäåíèÿ — information ñâîåîáðàçíàÿ — original ñäàâàòü ýêçàìåí — to go in for an examination, to take an examination; to sit an examination, to do an examination ñäàòü (ôèçè÷åñêè, òî åñòü îñëàáåòü) — to give out ñäàòü ðàáîòó — to hand ñäàòü ýêçàìåí — to pass an exam ñäåëàííûé èç — made of ñäåëàòü ïîêóïêè — to do shopping ñäåëàòü ïðåäëîæåíèå — to propose (marriage) (to) ñäåðæàòüñÿ — to control oneself ñåé÷àñ æå — immediately ñåìüÿ — a family ñåíñàöèîííûé ìàòåðèàë — feature ñåðäèòûé — angry ñåðäèòüñÿ — to be(come) angry (with) ñåðèàë — series ñåñòðà — a sister; a sissy (àìåð., ðàçã.) ñåñòü â êðåñëî — to sink into an armchair ñåñòü â ìàøèíó — to get into a car ñåñòü çà ñòîë — to sit down to the table ñåñòü íà äèåòó — to keep to a diet ñåñòü íà ñâîå ìåñòî — to take somebody's seat ñèäåòü íà äèåòå — to keep to a diet ñèëüíî — strongly; violently, heavily, greatly; badly ñèìïàòè÷íûé — nice ñèìïàòÿãà — a charmer ñèòóàöèÿ — a situation ñêðîìíûé — modest ñêðÿãà — a niggard ñêó÷àòü — 1)to be bored, 2) (ïî êîìó-ë.; ïî êîì-ë.)^ long (for); to miss ñêó÷íî — dull/boring ñêó÷íûé (èñïûòûâàþùèé ñêóêó) — bored ñêó÷íûé (íàâîäÿùèé ñêóêó) — dull, boring ñëåäîâàòåëü — an investigator ñëåäîâàòü — to follow ñëåäóþùèé — the next ñëåäóþùèì ëåòîì — next summer ñëèøêîì — too ñëîæíûé (òðóäíûé) — difficult ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü — ivory ñëó÷èòüñÿ — to happen ñìåðòíûé ãðåõ — a deadly sin ñìåÿòüñÿ — 1)to laugh; 2)(íàä êåì-ë./÷åì-ë.) — to laugh (at), to make fun (of); 3)(øóòèòü) to jokåñìèðèòüñÿ ñ — to put up with ñìîòðåòü â äðóãóþ ñòîðîíó — to look the other way ñìîòðåòü â îêíî — to look through the window ñìîòðåòü ñâûñîêà — to look down on somebody ñìîòðåòü òåëåâèçîð — to watch TV ñìîòðåòü õîëîäíî — to look at, to gaze at coldly ñíèìàòü «ìûëüíûå îïåðû» — to make soap operas ñíîâà — again ñíîãñøèáàòåëüíûé — stunning ñíÿòü — to take away; to take off (îá îäåæäå, îáóâè è ò. ï.) ñî âñåãî ñâåòà — from all over the world ñî â÷åðàøíåãî äíÿ — since yesterday ñîáèðàòü 1) (êíèãè) — to collect; 2) (ãðèáû) — to gather ñîáñòâåííàÿ — own ñîâåðøåíèå ïðåñòóïëåíèÿ — perpetration ñîâåðøåííî — absolutely; totally; quite ñîâåðøåííî íå (â çíà÷åíèè «âîâñå íå», «âîîáùå íå») — at all (óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ â êîíöå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ). (Îíà âîîáùå íå èíòåðåñóåòñÿ èñêóññòâîì — She isn't interested in art at all.) ñîâåò — advice ñîâåòîâàòü — to advise ñîãëàñèòüñÿ — to agree ñîæàëåòü — 1) (î êîì-ë.) to pity (smb.), to be sorry (for smb.) 2) (î ÷åì-ë.) to regret (smth.) ñîéòè ñ óìà — to go crazy (with) ñîëíöå — the sun Ñîëîìîíîâî ðåøåíèå — decision/judgment worthy of Solomon ñîðåâíîâàíèå — competition ñîñåäêà — a neighbour ñîñëàòü — to exile, banish ñîñëóæèâåö — a co-worker; a colleague; a fellow-teacher; a fellow-clerk ñîñðåäîòî÷èòüñÿ — to concentrate ñîòðóäíèê ãàçåòû — a contributor ñîòðóäíè÷àòü — to cooperate (with) ñïàòü — to sleep ñïåöèàëüíîå — special, especial; express ñïèñûâàòü — to copy off (from); to crib (from) ñïëåòíèê — a news-monger ñïëåòíè÷àòü — to gossip, to talk scandal (çëîñòíî) ñïîêîéíåå — quieter ñïîêîéíûé — calm, quiet ñïîêîéñòâèå — quiet, calm(ness) ñïîðíàÿ — arguable ñïîðòñìåí — a sportsman ñïðàâëÿòü — to celebrate; to make (ïðàçäíèê) ñðàâíèâàòü — to compare (with) ñðàçó æå — at once; right away; straight away ñðåäíåâåêîâûé — medieval ñðåäñòâî — means ññîðèòüñÿ — to quarrel (with) ñòàíîâèòñÿ õóæå — to get worse, to go from bad to worse ñòàðèííûé — ancient, antique, age-old ñòàòü òåïëåå — to become warmer ñòàòüÿ — an article ñòåñíÿòüñÿ — to feel/be shy/self-conscious/embarrassed ñòèëü — style ñòèõè — poem(s) ñòèõèéíîå áåäñòâèå — natural calamity ñòèõîòâîðåíèå — a poem; a rhyme (êîðîòêîå) ñòîëåòèå — 1) a century 2) (ãîäîâùèíà) a centenary ñòîÿùèå êíèæêè — the right books ñòðàäàòü îò ÷åãî-íèáóäü — to suffer (from) ñòðàíà — country; land; commonwealth ñòðàøíî òîðîïèòüñÿ — to be in a great hurry ñòðèæêà — haircut ñòðîãîñòü — severity ñòðîèòü — to build ñòðîêà — a line ñòóäåíò — a student ñòó÷àòü — to knock ñóä — court ñóòóëèòüñÿ — to bend ñóùàÿ åðóíäà — stuff and nonsense! ñóùåñòâî — creature, being ñóùåñòâîâàòü — to exist ñ÷àñòëèâûé — happy ñ÷åò — a bill ñûãðàòü çëóþ øóòêó — to play a spiteful/malicious/mean joke on somebody ñûí — a son ñþäà — here Ò òàê — so; âîò òàê — like this òàê è — simply, just… òàê êàê — as òàêîé — such a òàëàíòëèâûé — talented, gifted òàíöåâàòü — to dance òåçèñû — thesis òåìíåòü — to get dark òåííèñ — tennis òåîðåìà — a theorem òåïåðü — now òåïëî — warm òåðïèìîñòü — tolerance òåððîðèñò — a terrorist òåðÿòü — to lose òåñòèðîâàíèå — testing òåòÿ — 1) an aunt (â ñîåäèíåíèè ñ èìåíåì ïèøåòñÿ ñ ïðîïèñíîé áóêâû) 2) øóòë. woman 3)(î íåçíàêîìîé æåíùèíå — â äåòñêîì óïîòðåáëåíèè) ladóòèõèì ãîëîñîì — in a weak voice òî èëè èíîå — one or another òîï-ìîäåëü — a top-model òîðîïèòüñÿ — to hurry, to be in a hurry, to hasten òîò ñàìûé — the very; right òî÷íî! — true! òî÷íûå íàóêè — exact sciences òðàíæèðà — a spender òðàíñëèðîâàòü — to broadcast òðåáîâàòü — to demand (of, from) òðåâîæèòüñÿ — to worry, to be anxious/uneasy/worried (about) òðåíèðîâàòü — to train òðåòèé — the third òðóñ — a coward òóïèöà — a blockhead òóðèñòè÷åñêàÿ ôèðìà — tourist agency òóõëûé — rotten, bad òóõíóòü (î ìÿñå) — to go bad òóõíóòü (î ñâåòå) — to go out òó÷à — a black cloud òóøèòü ñâåò — to put out the light òûñÿ÷à — a thousand òÿæåëûé — (òðóäíûé, óòîìèòåëüíûé) hard, difficult Ó óáåãàòü — to run away (from); to escape óáðàòü êîìíàòó — to tide up (to clean) the room óâàæàòü — to respect, to have respect (for) óâåðåííûé â ñåáå — confident óâëåêàòüñÿ — to be keen (on smth.); to take a fancy (to smb.) óâîëüíÿòü — to dismiss; to fire, to give the sack óãîâîðèòü — to persuade Óãîùàéòåñü! — Help yourself! Help yourselves! (Åñëè ãîñòåé äâîå è áîëüøå.) óãîùàòü — to treat (to); to give a treat; (ñòàâèòü óãîùåíèå) to stand a treat óãðîæàòü — to threaten (with) óäà÷ëèâûé — lucky; successful óäèâëÿòü — to astonish, to surprise, to amaze óäèâëÿòüñÿ — to wonder óäîáíî — comfortable óåõàòü â — to leave for óåõàòü íà êàíèêóëû — to go for a holiday óæàñíûé — terrible, horrible, awful óæèíàòü — to have supper óçíàòü — to learn, to get to know óéòè íà ðàáîòó — to leave for work óêàç — a decree, an edict óêðàñòü — to steal óêðàøàòü — to decorate óêóñ — a bite; (íàñåêîìîãî) a sting óëèòêà — a snail óëûáàòüñÿ — to smile; óëûáàòüñÿ ñ÷àñòëèâîé óëûáêîé — to smile a happy smile; óëûáàòüñÿ ãðóñòíîé óëûáêîé — to smile a sad smile; óëûáàòüñÿ ñêâîçü ñëåçû — to smile through one's tears; óëûáíóòüñÿ íà ïðîùàíèå — to smile farewell óëûáàòüñÿ êîìó-íèáóäü — to smile at somebody óìíèöà — a clear head Óìíèöà! (ïîõâàëà) — Good for you! óìíûé — clever, smart óìûâàòüñÿ — to wash óíèæàòü — to abase óíèêàëüíûé — unique óïîìèíàòü — to mention óïðàâëÿþùèé — a manager óðàâíîâåøåííûé — steady, balanced, even-tempered óðàãàí — a tornado óðîäëèâûé — ugly óñëûøàòü øóì — to hear a sound óñïåâàòü — (äåëàòü ÷òî-ë.) to have time (to do smth.); ïðèáûâàòü ê ñðîêó) ðàçã. be in time (for) óñïåòü — to have time to do something óñïåòü ê ÷åìó-ëèáî — to be in time for óñïîêîèòüñÿ — to calm down óñòàëîñòü — tiredness óñòðàèâàòü ñêàíäàëû — to make a row óòðåííÿÿ ãàçåòà — morning newspaper óõîäèòü (ïîêèäàòü) — to leave ó÷åáíûé ãîä — a school-year ó÷åíèê — a pupil ó÷åíûé — a scientist ó÷èòåëü — a teacher ó÷èòåëü ïî ìàòåìàòèêå — math teacher Ô ôàíòàçåð — a dreamer ôàíòàñòè÷åñêèé óñïåõ — fantastic(al) success ôëåéòà — a flute ôîêóñû — tricks ôîòîãðàôèðîâàòü — to take a photograph (of) ôóòáîëüíûé ñóäüÿ — a football referee Õ õàëòóðà — careless work õèõèêàòü — to giggle õëåá — bread õîäèòü â ïîõîäû — to go hiking õîäèòü â òåàòð — to go to the theatre õîäèòü íà êóðñû àíãëèéñêîãî — to take course in English õîäèòü íà ðûáàëêó — to go fishing õîçÿèí — a master; a boss õîëèòü è ëåëåÿòü — to pamper õîëîäíî — coldly; it is cold õîëîäíûé — cold õîðîøèé — good õîðîøî îïëà÷èâàåìàÿ ðàáîòà — a well-paid job õîðîøî ïðîâîäèòü âðåìÿ — to have a good time õîòÿ — though, although õðàáðåö — a man of courage õðàíèòü — to keep õðàïåòü — to snore õóäîæíèê — an artist, a painter õóëèãàí — 1) hooligan 2) rowdy(-dowdy) ðàçã. (øàëóí) Ö öåëóþ âå÷íîñòü — for ages öåëûé ãîä — for the whole year öåðêîâü — a church öèðê — circus × ÷àåâûå — a tip åä., ÷àñàìè — for hours ÷àùå — more often ÷åëîâåê — a man; a person; a human being ÷åëîâå÷åñòâî — mankind, humanity ÷åðäàê — an attic ÷åðåç — in (ïî ïðîøåñòâèè) ÷åðåç êàæäûå 3 ÷àñà — every 3 hours; ÷åðåç äâà ÷àñà — in two hours; ÷åðåç íåêîòîðîå âðåìÿ — after a while; ÷åðåç ãîä — in a year; a year later (â ïðîøëîì) ÷åðíèëà — ink ÷åðíûé — black ÷åñòíî — honestly; fair, fairly ÷èíèòü — to repair; to mend (î áåëüå, ïëàòüå è ò. ä.) ÷èòàòü — to read ÷èòàòü íîòàöèþ — to lesson ÷ëåí êëóáà — a clubman ÷òî-íèáóäü — something ÷òî-íèáóäü âêóñíåíüêîå — something delicious ÷óâñòâîâàòü ñåáÿ êàê äîìà — to be at one's ease, to feel at home, to make oneself at home ÷óâñòâîâàòü ñåáÿ ëó÷øå — to feel better ÷óâñòâîâàòü ñåáÿ õîðîøî — to feel well ÷óäíûé — wonderful, marvellous; lovely ÷óæîé (áåñïðèçîðíûé ðåáåíîê) — a gutter-child ÷óòêèé -1) keen, sharp, quick (î ñëóõå è îáîíÿíèè) — ÷óòêèé íþõ; 2) ïåðåí. sensitive ÷óòü íå — nearly; almost Ø øàãè — footsteps øàøëûê — shashlik øåäåâð — a masterpiece øèêàðíûé — luxury, fine, splendid, grand, magnificent (îòëè÷íûé) øîôåð — a driver øïèîíêà — a spy øóìåòü — to make a noise Ù ùåäðûé — lavish, generous ùåêîòëèâûé — delicate Ý ýãîèñòè÷íûé — selfish ýêçàìåí — an exam ýêçàìåíàöèîííûå ðàáîòû — examination-papers ýêîíîìèñò — an economist ýêñïåäèöèÿ — an expedition ýêñòðåííàÿ ïîìîùü — first aid ýòî íåâûíîñèìî — it is unbearable/insufferable ýòî ïðîñòî — it is easy ýòî óäîáíî (ìíå ýòî ïîäõîäèò) — it suits me Þ þáèëåé — anniversary þíîñòü — youth þðèñò — a lawyer ß ÿ ðîäèëñÿ — I was born ÿáëîêè — apples ÿçûê — a tongue, ÿçûê (ðóññêèé, àíãëèéñêèé è ò. ï.) — a language ÿéöî — an egg |
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Ãëàâíàÿ |  èçáðàííîå | Íàø E-MAIL | Äîáàâèòü ìàòåðèàë | Íàø¸ë îøèáêó | Äðóãèå ñàéòû | Íàâåðõ |
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